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152 LE 5 > Brucella, Borrelia, Rickettsia > Flashcards

Brucella, Borrelia, Rickettsia Flashcards

1
Q

brucella is a gram- ?

A

negative coccobacilli

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2
Q

non-acid fast, nonmotile, noncapsulated, nonsporing

A

brucella

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3
Q

brucella is a _ pathogen affecting the _ system

A

intracellular, reticuloendothelial

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4
Q

brucella are _ aerobes

A

strict

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5
Q

optimum temp for brucella

A

37C (20-40C)

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6
Q

optimum pH for brucella

A

6.6 - 7.4

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7
Q

brucella culture characteristics

A

small, smooth, transparent, low convex

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8
Q

selective media for brucella

A

bacitracin
polymixin
cycloheximide

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9
Q

brucella antigenic structure and virulence

A

mucoid, smooth, rough types

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10
Q

brucella zoonotic species

A

B. melitensis
B. abortus
B. suis

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11
Q

Brucella is destroyed by heat at _C in _ mins. It is killed in milk by _

A

60C, 10 min, pasteurization

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12
Q

goats, sheep

A

B. melitensis

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13
Q

cows

A

B. abortus

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14
Q

pigs

A

B. suis

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15
Q

Brucella are insensitive to direct sunlight

A

false, sensitive

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16
Q

Brucella are very sensitive to acid

A

false, moderately sensitive
dies in cheese that undergone lactic acid fermentation

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17
Q

brucella can survive in _ for weeks or months

A

soil, manure, dust

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18
Q

brucella is sensitive to which disinfectants

A

ampicillin
co-amoxiclav
cephalosporins
aminoglycosides
tetracyclines
chloramphenicol
ciprofloxacin
sulphonamide
cotrimoxazole
relatively sensitive: vancomycin,
nalidixic acid, polymixins

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19
Q

person to person spread does not usually occur for brucella

A

true

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20
Q

modes of infection for brucella

A

ingestion
contact
inhalation

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21
Q

brucella modes of infection: contact with _

A

carcass
vaginal discharge
urine
manure

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21
Q

brucella is common during _ season

A

calving

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22
Q

brucella occupational hazards

A

agricultural workers
veterinarians
butchers
animal handlers
occupations involving handling of animals and raw animal carcasses

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23
Q

brucella affects the _ system, specifically the _ cells

A

reticuloendothelial, phagocytic

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24
other sites of infection for brucella
subcutaneous tissues testes epididymis ovary gallbladder kidneys brain
25
growth factors for brucella
erythritol
26
what contains erythritol
placentas and fetal membranes of cattle, swine, sheep, goats
27
human placentas have erythritol
false, no
28
erythritol leads to
placentitis and abortion
29
brucella acute infection are also known as
undulant or malta fever
30
acute infections are due to the species
B. melitensis
31
periodic nocturnal fever occurring over weeks, months or years
malta fever
32
detectable only by serological tests
brucella latent or subclinical human infections
33
low-grade infection with periodic exacerbations
brucella chronic human infection
34
brucella acute human infections lead to prolonged _ and _
bacteremia, irregular fever
35
clinical manifestations of chronic brucella human infection
sweating, lassitude, joint pains with minimal or no pyrexia
35
in acute brucella human infections, fever is usually in the _ and accompanied by _
afternoon, drenching sweat
35
In _, almost all human infections are due to B. _
India, melitensis
35
complications of acute human infections
debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders (bone or joint infection, endocarditis)
36
brucella is highly endemic in
Mediterranean basin, Middle East, Western Asia, Africa, Latin America
37
lab diagnosis for brucella
blood culture serological PCR Castaneda's method of blood culture Brucellin Skin Test
38
liquid and solid media in the same bottle
Castadena's method of blood culture
39
hypersensitivity test, not useful in acute brucellosis
Brucellin Skin Test
40
most definitive lab diagnosis for Brucella
blood culture
41
methods of detection of animal infection
rose bengal card test milk ring test
42
treatment of brucella
combination of streptomycin or gentamicin and tetracycline or rifampicin and doxycycline
43
for mild cases of brucella
tetracycline
44
for children with brucella
co-trimoxazole and rifampicin
45
prevention of brucella
animal surveillance pasteurization vaccine
46
human vaccination is not recommended for the prevention of brucella
true
47
vaccine against brucella:
B. abortus strain S19 B. melitensis Rev I B. suis strain 2 (China)
48
borrelia morphology
large, motile, refractile spirochetes with irregular, wide-open, loose coils
49
gram-negative, motile
borrelia
50
borrelia have _ at intervals of 2um with _ ends
5-8 regular spirals, pointed
51
borrelia species are _ on the _ and _ mucosa
commensals, buccal, genital
52
relapsing fever
B. recurrentis
53
fusospriochetosis
B. vincentii
54
Lyme disease
B. budgorferi
55
cultural characteristics of borrelia
microaerophilic fastidious
56
borrelia optimum temp
28-30C
57
borrelia medium
Noguchi’s medium, chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos, mice or rats intraperitoneally
58
ultimate recovery is attributed to
immunity to all antigenic variants
59
borrelia undergo several antigenically distinct variations within a given host leading to
relapse
60
antigenic variations are caused by
DNA arrangement in linear plasmids
61
borrelia burgdorferi aka
lyme disease
62
lyme disease is transmitted by
Ixodid ticks (regurgitation of gut contents during feeding)
63
B. burgdorferi can be grown in modified _
Kelly's (BSK) medium
64
USA: I. _ , I. _ Europe: I. _
dammini, pacificus ricinus
65
stages of pathogenesis for borrelia
1. localized infection 2. disseminated infection 3. persistent infections
66
localized infections show was symptoms
small red macule or papule
67
Lab Diagnosis of borrelia
isolation serology
68
treatment for borrelia
penicillins newer macrolides cephalosporins tetracyclines
69
gram-negative pleomorphic coccobacilli, non motile, noncapsulated
rickettsia spp.
70
strict intracellular parasites
rickettsia spp.
71
rickettsia stain _ in the Giemsa stain
bluis
72
layers of rickettsia under the electron microscope
3-layered cell wall trilaminar plasma membrane outer slime layer
73
optimum temp of rickettsia
32-35C
74
pathogenesis of rickettsia
bite or feces > entry of bacteria > localization in vascular endothelium > enlarge, degenerate > thrombus
75
rickettsia is resistant to
penicillin and sulfonamides
76
antigenic structure of rickettsia
1. Grp-specific soluble Ag (surface) 2.Spp-specific soluble Ag (body) 3.Alkali stable polysacharide
77
rickettsia can survive outside of host or vector for long periods of time
false, short period only
78
typhus fever group consists of:
epidemic typhus brill-zinsser disease endemic typhus
79
epidemic typhus is caused by the species
R. prowazekii
80
epidemic typhus principal reservoir
pediculus humanus corporis
81
epidemic typhus primary reservoir
humans
82
hallmark clinical manifestations of epidemic typhus
skin rash (4-7d) on the trunk then extremeties
83
Brill-Zinsser Disease is also called
recrudescent typhus
84
latent in the lymphoid tissue or organs, mild illness, low case fatality
recrudescent typhus
85
endemic typhus is caused by the species
R. typhi (R. mooseri)
86
infected by contamination of abraded skin, respiratory tract or conjunctva with infected flea feces
endemic typhus
87
in endemic typhus, humans are _ hosts
accidental
88
in endemic typhus, human infection is a dead end
true
89
man-to-man transmission occurs in endemic tyohus
false
90
endemic typhus is common in _ areas
rat-infested
91
principal reservoir of endemic typhus
Xenopsylla cheopsis
92
primary reservoir of endemic typhus
rodents
93
the spotted fever group is transmitted by _ except for _
ticks, R. akari
94

152 LE 5 (4 decks)

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