HPE Flashcards
What is Magill definition of motor Learning?
A change in the capacity of a person to preform a skill as a result of practice or experience that must be inferred from a relatively permanent improvement in performance.
How does Amezdroz define motor learning?
Is the process and study of how we learn or acquire skills. An important characteristic of motor learning is that it occurs as a direct result of practice and experience. Something that happens naturally is a motor development
What is a motor skill?
An activity that requires voluntary muscular movement to achieve a goal or task. Classified as learnt, controlled or analysed.
E.G:
Gross - Fine continuum
Determines size and number of muscles used to preform skill
- Gross:
- Fine:
E.G:
Closed - Open continuum
Determines the relative consistency or stability the skill is preformed in.
- Closed:
- Open:
E.G:
Discrete - Continuous continuum
Determines whether or not the movement has a specific beginning and ending
- Discrete:
- Serial:
- Continuous:
E.G:
Movement Sequences
A series of motor skills that are combined to create a specialised movement for a particular, task or position
E.G:
Movement Strategies
A Unique movements sequence or sequences that you select to preform a specific outcome or goal.
E.G:
Principles of Play
Specific aspects of the game in which you must succeed to beat the opposition.
- Setting up attack
- Defending against attack
- Creating, defending and attacking space
- Attacking goal line - scoring points
Characteristics of Motor learning
- Improvement - performance shows improvement of time
- Consistency - performance becomes more consistent
- Stability - Performer becomes less effected by external and internal conditions
- Persistence - Performer can perform and focus for longer
- Adaptability - Performer can adapt to a variety of performance contexts
Performance
the act of executing a motor skill at a specific time in a specific situation
Learning
A relatively permanent change in a persons ability to execute a motor skills
Linear Learning
Non-linear learning
Motor learning Theories
Information processing model
Cognitive systems
Learning occurs in the brain and actions are a result of mental decision making
Cognitive
What to do
Associtive
How to do it
Autonomous
Do it
Dynamic Systems
Skills learnt through interactions between the learner, task and environment as the whole body is engaged in learning. The learner becoming better at interpretation relevant information in the environment from which associated movement solutions can emerge to complete task
Constraints
Aspects of the learner, task or environment that force certain movement strategies to be invalid. Shape the learners movement by limited number of possible actions.
Rate limiters
Constraints that limit or impedes performance
Practice
Massed - Distributed
Either practicing for a long period of time or spaced intervals given rest
Distributed = Cognitive
Part - whole
Doing either a parts or components of a skill or the whole skill
Part = Cognitive
Blocked - Random
Either practicing one skill over and over in a closed environment or doing randomly practiced skills
Blocked = Cognitive
Constant - Vaired
Respective practice of one variation of one skill or several variations in several contexts
Constant = Cognitive
Drills - Problem solving
Resistively practice a physical actions set by the coach over and over
Feedback
Intrinsic - awareness of the self
Extrinsic - advice from coach or video
