How successful was Richard of York's first protectorate (1454-1455)? Flashcards
The First Protectorate was successful- What was one success of the First Protectorate?
York established a reasonably broadly based regime, there was no major purge of the household even though it had been close to Somerset.
The First Protectorate was successful- How did York deal with the violence of Exeter and his Percy allies?
In May 1454 Exeter attacked properties of York and the Nevilles in the North claiming the right to rule during the king’s illness himself. He formed an alliance with the King of Scots and distributed Lancastrian liveries. Exeter and Egremont (a Percy) plotted to kill York. In June 1454 York and many other lords assembled a force that captured Exeter (in July). In early November 1454 the Percy leaders of the uprising, including Egremont, were captured at the ‘battle’ of Stamford Bridge.
The First Protectorate was successful- How did York raise some money during the First Protectorate?
Some money was raised through a tax on foreigners (‘aliens’) resident in England.
The First Protectorate was successful- What was one way York reduced spending during the First Protectorate?
Household spending was reduced to £5,000 and £1,000 reclaimed from Eton and King’s College.
The First Protectorate was successful- How did York handle the Courtenay-Bonville dispute?
Courtenay exploited his friendship with York to attack Bonville and his ally, the Earl of Wiltshire, in Devon in Spring and Summer 1454 but York did not side with him. He adopted a neutral position. Thomas Courtenay was found to have been more to blame and was placed under a bond of £1,000. Both he and Bonville were placed under more punitive financial bonds when violence recurred.
The First Protectorate was successful- What positive development occurred in terms of private feuds during the First Protectorate?
Tensions between the gentry in Warwickshire, Leicestershire and Northamptonshire reduced.
The First Protectorate was successful- What significant change did York make in July 1454?
In July 1454 York was finally able to arrange for the Staplers of Calais to pay the garrison and was then able to make himself Captain of Calais in place of Somerset.
The First Protectorate was successful- What position did York regain from Wiltshire during the First Protectorate?
York regained his Lieutenancy of Ireland from Wiltshire (who had gained it in 1453).
The First Protectorate was not successful- What challenge did York face with the Calais garrison during the First Protectorate?
York made himself Captain of Calais, but the large Calais garrison remained in the hands of Somerset’s deputies and allies –especially Lord Welles and Lord Rivers.
The First Protectorate was not successful- Why did the Calais garrison mutiny in May 1454?
In May 1454 the Calais garrison mutinied because the government had not paid their wages.
The First Protectorate was not successful- What issue did York face in reducing the households of the King and Queen?
York could not meaningfully reduce the households of the King and Queen until late 1454.
The First Protectorate was not successful- Why did York take actions against Exeter and Egremont?
York’s actions against Exeter and Egremont could be seen as motivated by his need to keep Neville support.
The First Protectorate was not successful- Why did York’s attempts to resolve the Derbyshire dispute fail?
York allowed himself to be seen as being too close to the Blounts. The Longfords refused to accept a royal writ from York in May 1454. They ordered the messenger to eat it. When he refused, they spat on it and made him tear it up. The Longfords raised a force composed of other Derbyshire families that sacked the Blount manor of Elvaston and they claimed the Blounts were traitors because they served the protector.
The First Protectorate was not successful- Why was Richard of York unable to afford to be impartial during the First Protectorate?
Richard of York could not afford to be totally impartial because he was afraid of what might happen to him if and when the king recovered. The restoration of Somerset in such a situation seemed likely and he would then be in danger. He could not neglect allies.
The First Protectorate was not successful- Why was Richard of York unable to persuade other nobles to put Somerset on trial?
Richard of York could not persuade other nobles to put Somerset on trial for treason. He remained in prison (although York blocked an attempt to release him in July 1454).
