How serious was the Catholic threat after 1568?

Question 1

What were Catholic threats to religious settlement 1559-1588?

Answer 1

-House of Lords rejected the religious settlement in 1559
-1569 Northern Rebellion
-Throckmorton Plot 1558->Bond of Association->means that MQS could be executed
-1570->Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope
-Ridolfi Plot 1571
-Babington Plot 1586->wanted to murder Elizabeth
-St Bartholomews (France) massacre of Protestants 1572 which led to a civil war in France
-Elizabeth was the last Protestant monarch at the time->William of Orange was assassinated 1584
-Spain and France is very Catholic
-Auld Alliance->France and Scotland

Question 2

When was the Spanish Armada?

Answer 2

1588

Question 3

Who were the different Catholic threats and were they internal or external threats?

Answer 3

-Church Papists (internal)
-Recusants (internal)
-Seminary Priests (external)
-Jesuits (external)

Question 4

What were Church Papists views?

Answer 4

-loyal to Elizabeth but they dislike the changes she was making->they conform but they don’t agree->believed in Mass (Transubstantiation)

Question 5

What were Recusants?

Answer 5

-people who refuse to go to church->fined of a shilling

Question 6

What were Seminary Priests?

Answer 6

-devout Catholics coming from Europe into England->missionaries->first arrived in 1574

Question 7

What were Jesuits?

Answer 7

-arrive in the 1580s
-Oath of Allegiance to the Pope
-missionaries
-Europe

Question 8

What does Papist mean?

Answer 8

-someone who follows the Pope

Question 9

What were Recusants?

Answer 9

-someone who refuses to go to church

Question 10

What is Mass?

Answer 10

-Holy Communion/ Transubstantiation

Question 11

What was the government’s reaction to the Catholic threats: Northern Rebellion and the excommunication of Elizabeth from the Pope?

Answer 11

-1571->Parliament passed 3 Acts stating that it was treason both to declare that Elizabeth was not queen and to publish Papal Bulls in England.
-all those who had fled aboard were given twelve months to return or forfeit their property

Question 12

What was the seriousness of the threats: Northern Rebellion and the excommunication of Elizabeth from the Pope and the governments reaction?

Answer 12

-English Catholics now had to choose between Elizabeth and the Pope
-there was the possibility of a foreign invasion due to the Pope calling on foreign powers to overthrow Elizabeth
-the failure of the Northern rebellion suggests a lack of enthusiasm for this from English Catholics

Question 13

When did the first Seminary priests arrive in England? What was a result of this?

Answer 13

-1574
-a Seminary priest was executed in 1577

Question 14

How serious of a threat were the Ridolfi Plot 1571, Protestants being massacred in France 1572 and the first Seminary priests arriving in England 1574?

Answer 14

-very serious threat due to the massacre and threat to Catholics due to this-> threats from Europe
-Seminary priests came to try and ‘turn England Catholic again’

Question 15

What did Parliament pass in 1581?

Answer 15

1581->Parliament passes 2 severe Acts against Catholics increasing fines for not attending church to £20, and higher fines for hearing/saying mass
-attempting to convert people to the Catholic faith is now treasonable

Question 16

What happened to 3 Seminary priests in 1581 as a result of Catholic threat?

Answer 16

executed

Question 17

How serious were the Catholic threats: Rebellion in Munster (1578), Jesuit Priests (1580)and increasing fines (1581)?

Answer 17

-Jesuit priests were more of a threat to Elizabeth due to being more extreme missionaries->made treasonable to attempt to remove the threat
-the rebellion shows how people weren’t accepting the changes
-fines being increased for not attending church shows how people were refusing to do so and not conforming

Question 18

Who was William Prince of Orange and what happened to him in 1584?

Answer 18

-leader of the Protestants in the Netherlands
-assassinated by a Catholic extremist

Question 19

What was the act against Jesuits and Seminary priests in 1585? (explain)

Answer 19

-1585->Act against Jesuits and Seminary priests->any priest ordained by the Pope’s authority is now guilty of treason->all priests ordered to leave on pain of death

Question 20

How serious were the Catholic threats: Throckmorton Plot (1583) and William of Orange being assassinated (1584)?

Answer 20

-William of Orange being assassinated meant that Elizabeth was the only remaining Protest monarch-> serious threat
-Throckmorton Plot was a threat to Elizabeth

Question 21

What would happen if Recusants fell behind on their payments in 1587?

Answer 21

-can now have 2/3 of their land seized

Question 22

How serious were the Catholic threats: England pledges its support to the Protestants in the Netherlands (against Spain) (1585) and the Babington Plot (1586)?

Answer 22

-government actions increase
-Babington Plot threatened to kill the Queen
-stricter against Recusants

Question 23

When was Mary Queen of Scots executed?

Answer 23

1587

Question 24

When was the Spanish Armada?

Answer 24

1588

Question 25

What happened to 31 priests in 1588?

Answer 25

executed

Question 26

How serious were the Catholic threats: the Spanish Armada 1588 and executions?

Answer 26

-threats were becoming greater so there were more executions
-Spanish Armada->serious threat to England

Question 27

What was the House of Commons pass a law about gatherings in 1593?

Answer 27

1593->HOC passes laws making large gatherings of Catholics illegal, and confining Catholics to a radius of 5 miles from their homes

Question 28

How does the law passed by the House of Commons in 1593 show there was serious Catholic threats?

Answer 28

-gatherings of Catholics became illegal so they had become a threat->threat of plots/rebellions possibly

Question 29

What proclamation was ordered in 1602?

Answer 29

-a royal proclamation orders all Jesuits to leave the county

Question 30

How does the proclamation in 1602 for all Jesuits to leave England show there was a serious Catholic threat?

Answer 30

-Jesuits became more of a threat so the government focused on them leaving the country