How Lipids are Key Building blocks Flashcards
What are lipids?
- Essential nutrients
- Provide energy
- Help transport fat-soluble nutrients throughout the body
- Contribute greatly to the flavor and texture of food
Three types of Lipids
- Triglycerides
- Phospholipids
- Sterols
What are Triglycerides?
- Stored in adipose tissue in the body
- Called fats and oils in food
What are Phospholipids?
Found in foods of both plant and animal origin
Also made by the body
Soluble in fat and water
What are Sterols?
Includes cholesterol
Fatty Acids are?
- key building blocks
- Determines whether a fat is solid or liquid at room temperature
Fatty acid chains lengths
- Fatty acids differ in chain length
- Lengths vary from 4 to 24 carbons
- Grouped as short-chain, medium-chain, and long-chain
-Shorter fatty acids also are more water-soluble
T/F: Shorter fatty acids remain liquid at room temperature and even with refrigeration
TRUE
4 types of Saturation
- saturated fatty acids
- unsaturated fatty acids
- Monounsaturated fatty acid
- Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Saturated fatty acids
When all bonds between carbon atoms in a chain are single bonds
Unsaturated Fatty Acids
When one or more bonds between carbon atoms is a double bond
Monounsaturated fatty acid
When there is one carbon–carbon double bond
Polyunsaturated fatty acid
When there is more than one carbon–carbon double bond
CIS Form of fatty acid
Chain is bent
Occur naturally
TRANS form of fatty acid
Chain is straighter
Produced by hydrogenation
