Function of a Protein

Question 1

Both Proteins and Amino Acids are…?

Answer 1

A part of every cell
Needed in chemical reactions
Keep us “together”

Question 2

Why is protein important?

Answer 2

1. We constantly assemble, break down, and use proteins
2. We get it from our food sources
3. Without it, Protein deficiency

Question 3

What happens when you have access protein?

Answer 3

Makes energy

Can be Stored as fat

Question 4

What food sources can protein be found in?

Answer 4

Beef
Chicken
Fish
Milk
Plant foods

Question 5

What plant based foods are proteins found in?

Answer 5

Beans, rice, peas, grains, nuts, seeds, and vegetables

Question 6

Two parts of Protein deficiency?

Answer 6

Wasting

Immune system

Question 7

What is wasting?

Answer 7

Without protein, your fats and muscle begin to be used.

Question 8

What role does the immune system play in protein deficiency?

Answer 8

• More vulnerable to infection

- Impairs digestion and absorption of nutrients

Question 9

T/F: Amino Acids are building blocks of proteins

Answer 9

True

20 Amino acids that are used to make up every protein we need in our body. (ex: hair, skin, muscle, liver)

Question 10

Types of amino acids

Answer 10

Indispensable
Dispensable
Conditionally dispensable

Question 11

Indispensable

Answer 11

Nutrients that must come from diet

Question 12

Dispensable

Answer 12

Nutrients that can be made in the body

Question 13

Conditionally dispensable

Answer 13

Tyrosine and PKU:

           - shows up in infants at birth.
           - Cant make tyrosine from Phenylalanine

Question 14

PKU stands for what?

Answer 14

Phenylketonuria- A birth defect that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body.

Question 15

Protein structure is made up of what?

Answer 15

Amino acids sequence
Held together by Peptide bonds

the first line of amino acids is its primary structure

Question 16

What determines the shape of the protein?

Answer 16

Sequence of Amino acids determines shape

Shape of protein determines function

Question 17

Protein Denaturtion

Answer 17

Proteins can be denatured through exposure to heat or chemicals. Denatured proteins lose their three dimensional structure and thus their function.

Question 18

How does denaturing effect the protein structure?

Answer 18

-Disrupts the function
-Caused by acidic or alkalinity,
alcohol, high temperature
oxidation, and agitation

Question 19

8. Functions of Body Proteins

Answer 19

1. Structure and mechanical functions
2. Immune functions
3. Enzymes
4. Hormones
5. Acid-base balance
6. Transport functions
7. Fluid balance
8. Source of energy

Question 20

Structural and mechanical functions of proteins?

Answer 20

Collagen (flexible but structured. Nose.)
Keratin (nails +hair)
Motor proteins (Actin + Myosin)

Question 21

Immune functions of protein?

Answer 21

Antibodies-attack bacteria and viruses

Coordinating Immune response

Question 22

Function of enzymes in body protein?

Answer 22

Catalyze reactions- increases the rate of the reaction without changing the disposition.

Question 23

Function of hormones in body protein?

Answer 23

Regulate body processes

Question 24

Function of acid-base balance in body protein?

Answer 24

• Proteins as buffers
• Acidosis
• Alkalosis

Question 25

Transport functions of body protein?

Answer 25

Channels and pumps

Carriers (proteins bind to a substance and help bring it across the cell membrane.)

Question 26

Function of fluid balance in body protein?

Answer 26

• Blood proteins attract fluid
• Intracellular (interstitial)
• Extracellular (intravascular)
• Edema

Question 27

Edema?

Answer 27

When protein deficient you see a lot of swelling (around feet and legs.)

Question 28

Source of energy and glucose for body proteins?

Answer 28

Carbohydrates and fat are protein-sparing
4 kcal/g
Protein for energy: Deamination