How far do you agree that the 1867 Reform Act was more significant than reform in 1832?

Question 1

How was 1867 obviously more significant than reform in 1832?

Answer 1

Numerically

Question 2

How is 1832 significant?

Answer 2

Paved the way and provided for further reform

Question 3

How was the 1832 reform act in regard to the party system?

Answer 3

It started to define the British party model for politics

Question 4

Which act can only be truly called ‘significant’?

Answer 4

1867

Question 5

What are the 5 factors used to assess the changes?

Answer 5

1) Growth of the electorate
2) Fairer representation of the new cities and geographical improvements
3) Impact on the parties
4) Impact on the working class
5) Impact on the aristocracy/elites

Question 6

How many people could vote after 1832?

Answer 6

650 000

Question 7

How many people could vote after 1867?

Answer 7

2.46 million

Question 8

What proportion of all adult males could vote after the 1867 reform act?

Answer 8

⅓

Question 9

What percentage of all adult males could vote after the 1832 reform act?

Answer 9

18%

Question 10

What was the voting qualifications following the 1832 reform act for the boroughs?

Answer 10

In boroughs votes were given to adult males who owned or rented property worth £10/year and had owned it for a year and paid taxes.

Question 11

What was the voting qualifications following the 1832 reform act for the counties?

Answer 11

In the counties the vote was given to adult men who owned land worth £10/year or rented land worth £50/year.

Question 12

How did the voting procedure change after the 1832 reform act?

Answer 12

Whilst there was no secret ballot, voters now had to be registered and polling was limited to two days

Question 13

What fact about Leeds suggests that the £10 property qualification was limiting?

Answer 13

Just 5000 qualified to vote in Leeds out of a population of 125 000

Question 14

What was the property qualification following the 1867 reform act in boroughs?

Answer 14

In boroughs it granted the vote to all householders as well as lodgers who paid rent of >£10/year.

Question 15

What was the property qualification following the 1867 reform act in counties?

Answer 15

In the counties, in addition to the existing franchise, all owners and leaseholders of land worth £5/year.

Question 16

What clause limited the extent of enfranchisement in 1867 and to what extent did it limit it?

Answer 16

The clause that required people to have been resident at a property for a year discriminated against 30% of the working class population.

Question 17

What system of voting was introduced for those who owned land in both a bough and a county in 1867?

Answer 17

Plural voting

Question 18

How does the Historian Bentley describe Britain after the 1832 reform act?

Answer 18

Still a ‘sink of corruption’ with no secret ballot and corruption endemic

Question 19

What disenfranchising happened to boroughs under the 1832 reform act that suggests that there was fairer representation of the new cities?

Answer 19

56 boroughs with fewer than 2 000 voters were disenfranchised.

Question 20

In order to give fairer representation to the new cities, how many boroughs were created under the 1832 reform act?

Answer 20

42

Question 21

Despite the efforts made in 1832 to make the new cities better represented, what was the regional discrepancy that nevertheless existed?

Answer 21

South still had more presentation than the north

Question 22

Despite the efforts made in 1832 to make the new cities better represented, what fact about small boroughs is there?

Answer 22

73 boroughs had fewer than 500 electors. 31 had fewer than 300.

Question 23

Under the 1867 reform act, how many boroughs were taken away from boroughs and what was the criteria for this?

Answer 23

45 seats taken from boroughs with fewer than 10 000 people

Question 24

How many boroughs completely disenfranchised under the 1867 reform act?

Answer 24

7

Question 25

Of the 45 seats taken from boroughs, how many went to the counties?

Answer 25

25

Question 26

Of the 45 seats taken from boroughs, how many went to new boroughs?

Answer 26

20

Question 27

Of the 45 seats taken from boroughs, how many went to existing boroughs?

Answer 27

6 existing boroughs gained an extra seat, with one seat reserved for London uni.

Question 28

How did the 1832 reform act impact upon the parties by changing the number of contested seats?

Answer 28

due to the 1832 reform act the number of contested seats did increase significantly from 30% in 1832 to 50% afterwards

Question 29

Whilst due to the 1832 reform act the number of contested seats did increase significantly from 30% in 1832 to 50% afterwards, what did this not give?

Answer 29

it did not give them politicians who were working in the national interest

Question 30

Of the twenty years between 1832 and 1852, the Tories and Conservatives were in power for how many years?

Answer 30

7

Question 31

What were the two motives for passing the 1832 reform bill?

Answer 31

1) gain middle class support for the whigs

2) stabilise an increasingly dangerous situation

Question 32

As the size of the electorate increased to 2.46 million due to the 1867 reform act, what did politicians start to become more interested in?

Answer 32

politicians started to become more interested in public opinion and campaigning, meaning that their policies acted increasingly in the interest of their electorate

Question 33

What happened in 1868 that shows the significance of 1867 reform act in redefining how the parties needed to operate?

Answer 33

The reason that the Tories lost the 1868 election is, in part, due to the Whig’s acknowledgement that issue based campaigning was required to appeal to such a wide new electorate.

Question 34

For the 1868 election that needed campaigning, compare the tactics of the whigs and the conservatives

Answer 34

The Liberals attempted to gain influence by getting members to speak all over the country, however Disraeli was only confident enough to issue a printed election address to the country.

Question 35

In recognising and then pursuing the task of persuading voters to their causes due to the changes of the 1867 reform act, what did British parties become?

Answer 35

British parties became more representative of democratic interest, heralding the start of a more democratic establishment.

Question 36

Which act has the greatest impact on parties?

Answer 36

The impact on the parties is far greater in the 1867 reform act than it was in 1832.

Question 37

Assess the overall 1832 impact on the political parties?

Answer 37

The 1832 Reform Act’s impact had a significant short term impact for the Tory party and their subsequent power, but did not make long term changes to the democratic landscape in the way that 1867 did.

Question 38

What suggests that the 1832 reform act’s goal was not to have an impact on the working classes

Answer 38

In 1832, the Whigs made no attempt to conceal that the £10/year property qualification’s purpose was to exclude the working classes from voting.

Question 39

The 1832 reform act was passed in order to stabilise what, according to EP Thompson?

Answer 39

The closest that Britain had come to revolution

Question 40

What quote from which newspaper epitomises how the poor felt about the 1832 reform act?

Answer 40

So little was the 1832 reform act’s positive impact on the working class that the “Poor Man’s Guardian”, the mouthpiece of radicalism claimed that the “millions will not stop at the shadows” and epitomised the betrayal of the Working classes.

Question 41

What were many chartists?

Answer 41

Those who suffered the disappointment of the 1832 reform act

Question 42

How was Chartism started?

Answer 42

William Lovett’s 1836 London Working Men’s Association (LWMA) drew up the ‘people’s charter’, calling for universal male suffrage and a secret ballot.

Question 43

Describe the new voters in 1832

Answer 43

Whilst new voters after 1832 were mostly middle-class and fairly conservative

Question 44

Describe the new voters in 1867

Answer 44

skilled, urban workers, potentially much more radical

Question 45

What demonstrates that the new voters in 1867 were skilled, urban workers, potentially much more radical?

Answer 45

Outcome of the 1868 revolution

Question 46

What was the most significant impact of the 1867 reform act for the working classes?

Answer 46

It meant that the balance of power was no longer in the hands of the wealthy in many boroughs

Question 47

Of the how many individuals who served in cabinets between which dates, only how many were from middle class backgrounds?

Answer 47

Of the 103 individuals who served in cabinets between 1830-66, only 14 were from middle class backgrounds.

Question 48

Describe the overall changes to the status quo following the 1867 reform act?

Answer 48

superficial

Question 49

Complete the sentence: whilst the 1832 reform act may have been an inconvenience to the wealthy…

Answer 49

…it was 1867 that presented a real challenge to their power

Question 50

What political theorist said what about the continued corruption following the 1832 reform act?

Answer 50

Political theorist Sir Thomas Erskine May observed that “as more votes had been created, more votes were to be sold”.

Question 51

Why was the 1867 reform act good for workers in challenging the rich?

Answer 51

They were now the majority in many boroughs, not the other way round

Question 52

1832 was significant because it overcame what?

Answer 52

The political inertia

Question 53

How did the 1867 reform act start to re-shape Britain?

Answer 53

Stated to re-shape it into a modern democracy