How do bonding and structure affect properties of materials? Flashcards
What is carbon?
the sixth element in the periodic table
it has an atomic mass of 12
it is in group 4 because it has 4 electrons in its outer shell
it can make up four covalent bonds with other atoms
it can make long chains of atoms and rings
What is bonding?
an attraction between atoms in elements and compounds
What happens if the attraction is weak between atoms?
then it is easy to separate the atoms compared to those with a stronger attraction
How are ions in ionic substances separated more easily?
when they are in solution or molten as they can move about freely
What happens when an ionic substance is in its solid form?
it is very difficult to separate the ions due to the strong electrostatic forces
they form a giant lattice structure
the melting point of ionic substances is very high
How strong are covalent bonds?
very strong
if there are loads of bonds, the melting point will be very high
What are simple covalent molecules?
very low boiling points because of the intermolecular forces that hold all the molecules together are weak and easily broken
