How are amounts of chemicals in solution measured? Flashcards
What are common acids?
hydrochloric acid
sulfuric acid
nitric acid
What do acids produce?
hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water
What are common alkalis?
sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide
What do alkalis produce?
hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water
What is neutralization
alkalis neutralize acid
an indicator is used to identify the point when the neutralisation is done
during the reaction, hydrogen ions from the acid react with the hydroxide ions from the alkali to form water
What is salt formation?
when an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide, a salt, and water are produced.
acid + metal hydroxide -> salt + water
the name of the salt comes from:
the first part of the name comes from the metal in metal hydroxide
the second part of the name comes from the acid
What is a solution?
forms when a solute dissolves in a solvent (such as water).
the concentration of a soluton is the measure of the amount of solid dissolve
in 1 dm^3 of solution.
when the mass of solute dissolved is measured in g, the units for concentration are g/dm^3
concentration (g/dm^3) = mass of solute (g) / volume(dm^3)
What can equipment sometimes be?
in cm^3 or ml to measure volume
for example, 250ml or 250cm^3
SO, volumes in concentration calculation have to be in dm^3, NOT cm^3 or ml
1dm^3 = 1000cm%3
so /100 from cm^3 to dm^3
x 100 from dm^3 to cm^3
