How Cells Obtain Energy

Question 1

What happens during photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Plants use energy to convert carbon dioxide gas into sungar molecules

Question 2

What is ATP?

Answer 2

The primary energy of all cells

Question 3

What is a metabolic pathway?

Answer 3

Chemical reactions that take a molecule and modify it step-by-step

Question 4

What do anabolic pathways do?

Answer 4

Build polymers

Question 5

What do catabolic pathways do?

Answer 5

Break down polymers

Question 6

What is an open system?

Answer 6

Energy that can be exchanged

Question 7

What is a closed system?

Answer 7

Energy that cannot be exchanged

Question 8

What does the 1st Law of Thermodynamics state?

Answer 8

States the total amount of energy is constant and conserved

Question 9

What does the 2nd law of Thermodynamics state?

Answer 9

States energy will always be lost as heat in energy transfers of transforms

Question 10

Objects in motion are?

Answer 10

Kinetic Energy

Question 11

Energy that is stored is?

Answer 11

Potential Energy

Question 12

What is the ring-shaped structure of a single glucose molecule that ends with two molecules of 3 carbon sugar?

Answer 12

Pyruvate

Question 13

What is the process that potential energy of this gradient is used to generate ATP?

Answer 13

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 14

Two types of Fermentation are?

Answer 14

Lactic Acid and Alcohol fermentation

Question 15

The cholesterol synthesized by cells uses which component of the glycolytic pathway as a starting point?

Answer 15

acetyl CoA

Question 16

What process makes sure enzymes are at the optimal pH to function the best inside a cell?

Answer 16

homeostasis

Question 17

What process make bread dough rise?

Answer 17

fermentation

Question 18

Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of _____ and used short-term to perform work from a(n) _____ molecule.

Answer 18

glucose : ATP