How bodies fight off infections (exam 3)

Question 1

Viruses can infect…

Answer 1

• archaea
• Bacteria
• fungi
• plants
• animals

Question 1

What’s the Structure of a typical viral particle?

Answer 1

1. Nucleic Acid: A single- or double-stranded molecule of DNA or RNA that contains the virus’s genes
2. Capsid: A protein shell that protects the nucleic acid and attaches the virion to a host cell during infection

Question 2

Viruses are not considered “not alive” because..

Answer 2

They have no cells…(they don’t metabolize or grow)

Question 3

Why cant viral infections be treated with antibiotics ?

Answer 3

viruses have different structures and replicate differently than bacteria:

Question 4

Different types of Innate Immunity (the immunity our born with)

Answer 4

• Skin, hair, cilia
• Mucus Membrane
• digestive Enzymes
• Stomach Acidity
• Inflammatory Response

Question 5

Steps of Inflammatory response

Answer 5

Triggers the release of histamine, the histamine (chemical) works through you body and heals any cut wounds, swelling, etc

Question 6

How are pathogens marked and destroyed when they invade the body?

Answer 6

antibodies

Question 7

How do vaccinations cause a secondary immune response without exposure to the pathogen itself?

Answer 7

Inside the vaccination, there is something that mimics the virus. It goes through your body so when you actually face the virus, you wont have extreme symptoms, because the vaccination prepped your body

Question 8

primary response

Answer 8

At first encounter with a pathogen, the immune response is weak

Question 9

secondary response

Answer 9

at subsequent encounters with the same pathogen, there is a full immune response preventing symptoms

Question 10

how does herd immunity works?

Answer 10

When everybody in your family or everyone your around gets a vaccine…reduce the chance of getting it

Question 11

Why should everybody get a vaccine?

Answer 11

Lowering the chances of getting the viruses