Horse Human Relationship

Question 1

When were horses domesticated?

Answer 1

4000-3000 BC
ocurred over 1000 years at multiple locations

Question 2

What were horses initially used for (prior to domestication) and how did this transition as they became domesticated?

Answer 2

initially – for food and make tools with their bones

later on – haul possessions on their backs, carry people over distances to travel and for work, and drag/pull vehicles, agriculture, hunting, herding, battle/war

today – show, dressage, barrel, etc.

Question 3

What type of horse is the Przewalski horse?

Answer 3

wild

Question 4

Why are horses good for use in therapy programs?

Answer 4

for physical therapy, they are good because the motion of a walking horse mimics human motion and rhythm.

for psychological/emotional therapy, they are intelligent prey animals and are extremely sensitive to their environment. They examine, analyze, and react to our body language and non-verbal clues. They provide us feedback about their reactions/interactions

in general, they are attention getters, they are large and have a unique presence, their reactions cannot be ignored, and they are very social (personalities, attitudes, moods, stubbornness, curiosity, playfulness)

Question 5

What are the various accreditations available for equine assisted services?

Answer 5

• therapuetic association of VA (TRAV)
• professional association of therapeutic riding (PATH)
• equine assisted growth and learning association (EAGALA)

out of the 3, the last 2 are international accredidations

Question 6

why are equine assisted services important in VA?

Answer 6

they have contributed 11.5 million dollars to VAs economy

Question 7

________ is any specific center activity in which the center’s clients, participants, volunteers, instructors, and equines are involved.

Answer 7

Equine-assisted activities (EAA)

Question 8

___________ is treatment that incorporates equine activities and/or the equine environment.

Answer 8

equine-assisted therapy (EAT)

Question 9

__________ is an experiential learning approach that promotes the development of life skills for educational, professional, and personal goals through equine assisted activities.

Answer 9

equine-assisted learning

Question 10

___________ is an interactive process in which a licensed mental health professional working with or as an appropriately credentialed equine professional, partners with suitable equine(s) to address psychotherapy goals set forth by the mental health professional and the client.

Answer 10

equine-facilitated psychotherapy (EFP)

Question 11

_________ is a physical, occupational, or speech therapy treatment strategy that utilizes equine movement

Answer 11

hippotherapy

Question 12

_________ is an acitivity in which the students perform movements on and around a horse.

Answer 12

interactive vaulting

Question 13

_____________ offers students with physical, mental, sensory, or emotional disabilities the rewards of interaction and control of an equine while driving a carriage seat or in their own wheelchair in a carriage modified to accomodate their wheelchair.

Answer 13

therapeutic driving

Question 14

__________ is an equine-assisted activity with the purpose of contributing positively to cognitive, physical, emotional, and social well-being of individuals with special needs.

Answer 14

therapeutic riding

Question 15

what is the veterinarians role in equine programs?

Answer 15

• provide preventative and medical care
• advise routine care
• advise nutrition
• advise housing and management (behavior, perception, and training philosophies)
• advise on selection
• advise on usage
• recognize behavioral evidence of disease or poor welfare

Question 16

what was the goal of ‘Greener Pastures’ at the James River VDOC correctional work facility?

Answer 16

reduce recitivision by teaching a trade and improving social skills.

Question 17

how does experiencing attachment to horses affect incarcerated individuals?

Answer 17

allows them to form an emotional bond and promotes empathy.
Empathy is a core element of emotional intelligence and is one of the primary tools for success in society.
A horse-human relationship allows for physical connection, psychological security and feelings of worth, as well as a strong sense of purpose.

Question 18

how did the barn environment influence incarcerated individuals working with horses?

Answer 18

provided a secure and accepting environment.
allowed for maximal learning and cognitive thinking
promoted self-esteem, encouraged a sense of belonging, and self-actualization

Question 19

how do horse-human interactions accelerate the development of social skills and emotional intelligence?

Answer 19

horses demonstrate observer-expectancy and react to subtle changes in human emotion.
They react authentically and not with preconceptions. Therefore, the horses taught the incarcerated individuals patience, less reactivity, and praise as opposed to punishments.
As a result, there was a spill-over effect and improved their interactions with other humans.

Question 20

_____ refers to the tendency for people to gravitate towards people who they believe to be similar in socially significant ways.

Answer 20

homophily.

incarcerated individuals having empathy for horses elevated the community’s perception of them.