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Anatomy > Horse: Hoof, Thorax, Abdomen > Flashcards

Horse: Hoof, Thorax, Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

How many pairs of ribs does a horse have?

A

18

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2
Q

Between what ribs is the heart located?

A

3-6

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3
Q

Basal border of the lung

A

6-11-16

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4
Q

Line of pleural refelction

A

8–9-17

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5
Q

Boundaries for lung auscultation triangle?

A

Cranial: line connecting caudal angle of scapula and point of elbow
Dorsal: line parallel to epaxial muscles
Caudoventral: basal border of lung

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6
Q

How many lobes are present on each lung? Names?

A

Left: 2 lobes; cranial and caudal
Right: 3 lobes; cranial, caudal, accessory

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7
Q

An inflammatory response in what tissue/organ can compress the left recurrent laryngeal nerve and lead to roaring?

A

Tracheobronchial lymph node

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8
Q

Potential space between costal and diaphragmatic pleura?

A

Costodiaphragmatic recess

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9
Q

What are the openings in the diaphragm? What passes through each?

A

Aortic hiatus: aorta, thoracic duct, right azygous vein
Esophageal hiatus: esophagus, dorsal and ventral vagal trunks
Caval foramen: caudal vena cava

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10
Q

Junction of hoof wall and sole

A

White line

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11
Q

Laminitis: Inflammation of the ________ that leads to destruction of the union between ____ & ____

A

Dermal laminae

Hoof wall & PIII (Coffin bone)

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12
Q

Junction of skin and hoof wall

A

Coronet

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13
Q

What structure attaches the heart to the sternum?

A

Sternopericardiac ligament

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14
Q

Two locations for thoracocentesis in horse?

A

Lower 7th ICS; High 13th ICS

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15
Q

Where is the vascular bundle located relative to each rib?

A

Caudal border

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16
Q

What structure must you be careful to avoid during thoracocentesis?

A

Superficial thoracic vein (spur vein)

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17
Q

Name 4 structures that pass through thoracic inlet?

A

esophagus, trachea, common carotid arteries, vagosympathetic trunks

18
Q

4 potential impaction sites?

A

1) Cecocolic junction
2) Pelvic flexure
3) btwn R dorsal colon & transverse colon
4) Ileum into base of cecum

19
Q

What rib is landmark for start of the cardia when passing a nasogastric tube?

A

11th rib

20
Q

What structure can be heard in RIGHT paralumbar fossa?

A

Base of cecum

21
Q

Which structure is best auscultated over LEFT paralumbar fossa?

A

Small (descending) colon

22
Q

What structure separates left liver lobe and quadrate lobe?

A

Falciform ligament

23
Q

T/F: Relative to size, the foals’ liver is LARGER than in the adult

A

True

24
Q

What two structures can be found in cranial duodenal flexure?

A

major and minor duodenal papillae

25
Q

What structures open into major duodenal papillae? Minor?

A

Major: Bile duct; major pancreatic duct
Minor: accessory pancreatic duct

26
Q

What separates glandular and non-glandular stomach?

A

Margo plicatus

27
Q

What kidney structure is unique to horses?

A

Terminal recess

28
Q

Which artery supplies ventral colon?

A

Colic br of ileocolic artery

29
Q

Which artery supplies dorsal colon?

A

Right colic artery

30
Q

What is the heave line?

A

musculoaponeurotic junction of EAO muscle; becomes exaggerated with “heaves”

31
Q

What two factors cause the horse to rarely vomit?

A

1) thick cardiac sphincter

2) acute angle at which esophagus enters stomach

32
Q

1) connects cecum to right ventral colon

2) connects ileum to cecum

A

1) cecocolic fold

2) ileocecal fold

33
Q

Dorsal and ventral borders of epiploic foramen?

A

Dorsal: caudal vena cava
Ventral: portal vein

34
Q

Structures the t ligament separates

A

Navicular bursa, coffin joint capsule, flexor tendon sheath

35
Q

Grooves on either side of frog are called? What is infection here called?

A

Paracuneal sulci

Thrush

36
Q

Two structures (fetlock and below) important for holding digital flexor in place?

A

Palmar annualar ligament

Proximal digital annular ligament

37
Q

Out pouching of pleura past first rib

A

Cupula pleura

38
Q

Cranial borders for 1) paralumbar fossa 2) epiploic foramen

A

1) Last rib (18)

2) Hepatoduodenal ligament

39
Q

Main blood supply to digit?

A

Medial palmar artery

40
Q

1) bone growth prox/distal to fetlock joint

2) bone growth prox/distal to coffin joint

A

1) High ringbone

2) Low ringbone

41
Q

What can be found in stratum medium?

A

Horn tubules

Anatomy (16 decks)

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