Hormones And Sexual Development Flashcards
Name two of the communication system
1) nervous system - private
2) Endocrine system - public
How are messages sent in the endocrine system
Chemical messages are broadcast around the body via a blood stream
What is the similarities of the endocrine system and nervous system.
- both use similar mechanism
- Molecules are released from the cell or organ
- can attach to another cell or organ like a lock and key.
Name the three types of hormones
1) Amine hormones
2) Peptide and protein hormones
3) Steroid hormone
What is the peptide and protein hormone made of.
Made from multiple amino acids such as insulin
What is the steroid hormone made of?
Made from cholesterol e.g. oestrogen, progesterone and testosterone.
Name the 10 most important endocrine glands.
- Pineal gland
- Hypothalamus
- Thyroid gland
- Parathyroid gland
- Thymus gland
- Adrenal gland
- Pancreas
- Ovaries
- Testes
- Pituitary gland
What does the adrenal cortex release ?
Releases mineral corticoids and glucorticoids
What does cortisol do
Stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar
Increases metabolism of proteins and fats
Releases resources for energy.
What does the thymus gland release?
- Releases Thymosin
Which supports body’s immune responses
Active in children, helps to develop lymphoid system which is a defence against diseases.
What does the ovaries release?
Releases oestrogen which promotes sexual characteristics
Releases progesterone whuch hells to prepare the uterus for pregnancy
What is the function of the pancreas
Maintain body sugar levels
Releases insulin, helps glucose move from blood to cells where energy us used
Releases glucagon and glucose
What does the pineal gland do.
Releases melatonin
Increases sleepiness
Influences the sleep /wake cycle
Has a role on the onset of puberty
What is synthesised from one amino acid?
Amine Hormones
How does the nervous system communicate?
Electro chemical signals are passed directly between cells in a closed circuit.
Outline Parathyroid gland
-Releases parathyroid hormone
-Regulates calcium levels with blood and bones
-Calcium allows normal conduction of electrical currents along nerves
-Causes muscles to contract
What is the thyroid gland responsible for?
Regulation of metabolism
Regulate growth and maturation
