Hormones And Homeostatis Flashcards
Hormones are special proteins which pass round the body in the……
Blood stream
Hormones are special proteins that are released in the body by ….
Glands
The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare the speed of action of endocrine and nervous system
Endocrine is slow except for adrenaline Nervous system is fast
The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare the type of message sent in the endocrine and nervous system
Endocrine is chemical Nervous system is electrical impulses
The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare the method of sending the message in the endocrine and nervous system
Endocrine system transfers hormones via blood dissolved in plasma Nervous system transfers along neurones
The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare which cells respond to the message sent by the endocrine and nervous systems
Endocrine …. only targets cells respond even though message is sent through whole body Nervous system … message sent directly to a muscle or gland not all over body
The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare the role in the body of the endocrine and nervous systems
- Endocrine… controls long term processes like growth and reproduction
- Nervous system… used when a fast response is needed
Name the 6 major glands in the human body
Pituitary Thyroid Pancreas Adrenal Testis Ovary
Name the hormone released by the pancreas and its function
- Insulin
- Cause liver and muscles to take up glucose and convert it to glycogen
Name the hormone released by the pituitary gland and its function
ADH. Anti diuretic hormone Controls amount of water lost in urine
Name the hormones released by the ovaries and their function
Oestrogen - stimulates uterus lining and growth of secondary female characteristics Progesterone- maintains uterus lining
Name the hormone released by the testes and its function
Testosterone - stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics
Name the hormone released by the adrenal gland and its function
Adrenaline- increase heart and breathing rate for fight, fright or flight
What is insulin
Insulin is a hormone released by the pancreas that controls the level of glucose in the blood.
If blood sugar levels are too high for too long, what 2 effects can this have on the body
Vision can be blurry Severe weight loss
Describe the body’s response to high levels of glucose
- Too much glucose
- Pancreas produces insulin which enters blood
- Insulin allows glucose to be absorbed by body cells
- Blood glucose reduced
Describe the bodies response to low levels of glucose
- Normal levels of glucose
- Insulin not produced by pancreas
- Less glucose absorbed by body cells
- Blood glucose remains the same
Define homeostasis
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment E.g. Body water content, temp and blood sugar level
What part of the brain monitors temperature of the blood
Hypothalamus detects changes in temp of blood flowing through it and sends signals via neurones to other organs of body to bring temp back to normal level
Name the 3 main ways the body controls temp
- Sweating
- Shivering
- Controlling heat loss by controlling the amount of blood which flows to the surface of the skin (vasoconstriction and vasodilation)
Describe what the body does if it is too cold
Hairs stand on end - erector muscles in skin push hairs up to trap insulation air Less sweat released - less heat lost by evaporation Vasoconstriction - surface skin blood vessels get narrower. Less blood flow near skin so less heat lost by radiation
Describe the body’s response when it is too hot
Hairs lie flat - no insulating layer of air formed More sweat - evaporates to take heat energy away from body Vasodilation - surface skin blood vessels get wider (dilate) . More blood flow near surface of skin so more heat lost by radiation
Label a diagram on how the human body controls temp?
What is the effect of Insulin?
- It controls blood sugar levels by stimulating liver to turn glucose into Glycogen for storage.
