Hormones And Homeostatis

Question 1

Hormones are special proteins which pass round the body in the……

Answer 1

Blood stream

Question 2

Hormones are special proteins that are released in the body by ….

Answer 2

Glands

Question 3

The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare the speed of action of endocrine and nervous system

Answer 3

Endocrine is slow except for adrenaline Nervous system is fast

Question 4

The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare the type of message sent in the endocrine and nervous system

Answer 4

Endocrine is chemical Nervous system is electrical impulses

Question 5

The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare the method of sending the message in the endocrine and nervous system

Answer 5

Endocrine system transfers hormones via blood dissolved in plasma Nervous system transfers along neurones

Question 6

The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare which cells respond to the message sent by the endocrine and nervous systems

Answer 6

Endocrine …. only targets cells respond even though message is sent through whole body Nervous system … message sent directly to a muscle or gland not all over body

Question 7

The endocrine and nervous systems provide the body’s coordinated response to changes in the environment. Compare the role in the body of the endocrine and nervous systems

Answer 7

• Endocrine… controls long term processes like growth and reproduction
• Nervous system… used when a fast response is needed

Question 8

Name the 6 major glands in the human body

Answer 8

Pituitary Thyroid Pancreas Adrenal Testis Ovary

Question 9

Name the hormone released by the pancreas and its function

Answer 9

• Insulin
• Cause liver and muscles to take up glucose and convert it to glycogen

Question 10

Name the hormone released by the pituitary gland and its function

Answer 10

ADH. Anti diuretic hormone Controls amount of water lost in urine

Question 11

Name the hormones released by the ovaries and their function

Answer 11

Oestrogen - stimulates uterus lining and growth of secondary female characteristics Progesterone- maintains uterus lining

Question 12

Name the hormone released by the testes and its function

Answer 12

Testosterone - stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics

Question 13

Name the hormone released by the adrenal gland and its function

Answer 13

Adrenaline- increase heart and breathing rate for fight, fright or flight

Question 14

What is insulin

Answer 14

Insulin is a hormone released by the pancreas that controls the level of glucose in the blood.

Question 15

If blood sugar levels are too high for too long, what 2 effects can this have on the body

Answer 15

Vision can be blurry Severe weight loss

Question 16

Describe the body’s response to high levels of glucose

Answer 16

1. Too much glucose
2. Pancreas produces insulin which enters blood
3. Insulin allows glucose to be absorbed by body cells
4. Blood glucose reduced

Question 17

Describe the bodies response to low levels of glucose

Answer 17

1. Normal levels of glucose
2. Insulin not produced by pancreas
3. Less glucose absorbed by body cells
4. Blood glucose remains the same

Question 18

Define homeostasis

Answer 18

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment E.g. Body water content, temp and blood sugar level

Question 19

What part of the brain monitors temperature of the blood

Answer 19

Hypothalamus detects changes in temp of blood flowing through it and sends signals via neurones to other organs of body to bring temp back to normal level

Question 20

Name the 3 main ways the body controls temp

Answer 20

• Sweating
• Shivering
• Controlling heat loss by controlling the amount of blood which flows to the surface of the skin (vasoconstriction and vasodilation)

Question 21

Describe what the body does if it is too cold

Answer 21

Hairs stand on end - erector muscles in skin push hairs up to trap insulation air Less sweat released - less heat lost by evaporation Vasoconstriction - surface skin blood vessels get narrower. Less blood flow near skin so less heat lost by radiation

Question 22

Describe the body’s response when it is too hot

Answer 22

Hairs lie flat - no insulating layer of air formed More sweat - evaporates to take heat energy away from body Vasodilation - surface skin blood vessels get wider (dilate) . More blood flow near surface of skin so more heat lost by radiation

Question 23

Label a diagram on how the human body controls temp?

Answer 23

Question 24

What is the effect of Insulin?

Answer 24

• It controls blood sugar levels by stimulating liver to turn glucose into Glycogen for storage.