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Physiology > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone)

A

Hypothalamus
Insufficient GH Production
Anterior pituitary
Stimulates release of GH (growth hormone)

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2
Q

SS (Somatostatin)

A

Hypothalamus
Excess GH production
Anterior pituitary
Inhibits release of GH

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3
Q

TRH (thyroid releasing hormone)

A

Hypothalamus
Low levels of thyroid hormone
Anterior pituitary gland
Stimulates the release of TSH

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4
Q

GnRH (gonadotropic-releasing hormone)

A

Hypothalamus
Levels of circulating hormones
Anterior pituitary gland
Release of LH and FSH

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5
Q

PRH (prolactin releasing hormone)

A

Hypothalamus
Suckling, decreased plasma estrogen and progesterone levels
Anterior pituitary gland
Release of prolactin

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6
Q

DA (dopamine)

A

Hypothalamus
Increased plasma estrogen, increased progesterone levels
Anterior pituitary gland
Inhibits release of prolactin

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7
Q

CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone)

A

Hypothalamus
Decreased levels of cortisol and aldosterone
Anterior pituitary gland
Stimulates release of ACTH

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8
Q

ADH (anti-diuretic hormone)

A

Posterior pituitary gland
Low blood pressure, low blood volume (hypernatremia)
Kidneys, smooth muscle of blood vessels, sudoriferous glands
Causes reabsorption of water (leave the urine and enter the blood) —-> decreased urine output, vasoconstriction, decreased secretions

*water soluble / fast

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9
Q

Oxytosin

A

Posterior pituitary gland
Process of labor, crying baby
Smooth muscle layer of uterus and mammary glands
Stimulates labor contractions and milk ejection

*water soluble / fast

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10
Q

*hGH (human growth hormone)

A

Anterior pituitary gland
Presence of GHRH, regulates GHRH and SS
All body cells
Stimulates cell growth

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11
Q

TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)

A

Anterior pituitary gland
Presence of TRH
Thyroid gland
Increases the production of T3 and T4

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12
Q

FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)

A

Anterior pituitary gland
Presence of GnRH , regulates inhibit, estrogen, testosterone
Ovaries and testes
Stimulates oocyte maturation and sperm production

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13
Q

LH (luteinizing hormone)

A

Anterior pituitary gland
Presence of GnRH, stimulates ovulation, formation of corpus —-> luteum, produce estrogen and progesterone, stimulates prod of —-> testosterone
Ovaries and testes
Triggers ovulation and stimulates production of testosterone

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14
Q

Prolactin

A

Anterior pituitary gland
Presence of PRH (prolactin-releasing hormone)
Mammary glands
Stimulates development of mammary glands and milk production

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15
Q

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

A

Anterior pituitary gland
Presence of CRH, stress
Adrenal cortex
Stimulates the release of cortisol and aldosterone

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16
Q

T3 and T4 (thyroxine)

A

Thyroid gland
Presence of TSH
All body cells
Increases cellular metabolism and body temperature

17
Q

Calcitonin

A

Thyroid gland
High blood calcium levels
Kidneys and bone
Decreases blood Ca levels, inhibits Ca reabsorption

18
Q

PTH (parathyroid hormone)

A

Parathyroid gland
Low blood Ca levels
Bone and kidney stimulates osteoclasts, increases Ca reabsorption at —> kidneys
Increases blood Ca levels

19
Q

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

A

Adrenal medulla
Sympathetic stimulation
Heart, skeletal muscles, digestive tract
Increase heart rate, increase blood flow to muscles

20
Q

Aldosterone

A

Adrenal cortex
Low blood pressure, low blood volume
Kidneys
“Sodium saver”, reabsorption of Ma from urine into blood

21
Q

Cortisol

A

Adrenal cortex
Presence of ACTH
All body cells
Anti-inflammation, decreases glucose metabolism, increases fat and —> protein metabolism

22
Q

Testosterone

A

Testes
Increases levels of LH
Most cells
Supports sperm production, secondary sex characteristics

23
Q

Estrogen

A

Ovaries (follicles)
Increased levels of FSH
Most cells
Support follicle maturation, secondary sex characteristics

24
Q

Progesterone

A

Ovaries (corpus luteum)
Formation of corpus luteum
Uterus, mammary glands
Maintains pregnancy, prepares mammary glands for secretion

Physiology (5 decks)

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