Hormones

Question 1

State 2 ovarian hormones?

Answer 1

Oestrogen
Progesterone

Question 2

Where is oestrogen made in: follicular/luteal phase?
Function oestrogen?

Answer 2

Follicular- granulosa cells
Luteal- corpus luteum

Function- repair and thicken uterus lining

Question 3

Where is progesterone made in: follicular/luteal phase?
Function progesterone?

Answer 3

Follicular- granulosa and theca cells
(small amounts before ovulation)
Luteal- made corpus luteum
(large amounts after ovulation)

Function- maintain uterine lining

Question 4

What does FSH cause?

Answer 4

Maturation of egg in ovary

Question 5

What does LH stimulate?

Answer 5

Ovulation- release of egg

Question 6

What produces FSH?
Function FSH?

Answer 6

Pituitary gland produces FSH
Cause development of follicle in ovary

Question 7

What produces oestrogen?

Answer 7

Follicle

Question 8

Give 3 functions of oestrogen?

Answer 8

1) Growth and repair of uterus lining
2) Oestrogen inhibits FSH
3) Oestrogen causes surge LH from pituitary

Question 9

What day is egg released from follicle?

Answer 9

Day 14

Question 10

What does follicle become once egg released?

Answer 10

Corpus luteum

Question 11

What does the corpus luteum produce? (ovaries)

Answer 11

Oestrogen and progesterone

Question 12

What inhibits FSH and LH?

Answer 12

Progesterone and oestrogen (neg feedback)

Question 13

Function of progesterone?

Answer 13

Maintain uterus lining

Question 14

What happens if egg isn’t fertilised?

Answer 14

Corpus luteum dies
Progesterone lvls drop
Menstruation- uterus lining breaks down

Question 15

State where produced?
State function?
Of:
FSH (2)
Oestrogen
LH
Progesterone

Answer 15

FSH- pituitary gland
- cause egg to mature in ovary
- stimulate ovaries release oestrogen

Oestrogen- ovaries
- stop FSH being prod (only 1 egg matures)
- repair, thicken, maintain uterus lining
- stimulate pituitary gland release LH

LH- pituitary gland
- trigger ovulation (release mature egg)

Progesterone- ovaries
- maintain lining uterus latter pregnancy

Question 16

What produces progesterone?

Answer 16

Placenta- prevent menstruation

Question 17

Why is there early increase in FSH in follicular phase?

Answer 17

Follicle developing from pre antral follicle into mature one

Question 18

What is GnRH?
Function?

Answer 18

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Cause pituitary gland in the brain to secrete LH and FSH

Question 19

What occurs to FSH lvls as menstrual cycle progresses?

Answer 19

Slow decrease- one follicle dominant rest die
Increase in oestrogen- inhibits FSH

Question 20

Function of inhibin?
When peak?

Answer 20

Decrease FSH
Peak ovulation
Decrease as corpus luteum degenerates

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

What stimulates theca cells?
What do theca cells produce?

Answer 22

LH stimulates theca cells
Produce androgens

Question 23

What stimulates granulosa cells?
What do granulosa cells produce?

Answer 23

FSH stimulates granulosa cells
Produce inhibin and oestrogen

Question 24

When is there an LH surge?
What causes surge?
Function?

Answer 24

18 hours prior ovulation
High oestrogen lvls from maturing follicle
Act hypothalamus and ant pit to increase sensitivity to GNRH
Allow oocyte complete meiosis 1

Question 25

What hormone allows oocyte to complete meiosis 1?

Answer 25

Surge LH

Question 26

Why is there a decrease in LH after ovulation?

Answer 26

Production progesterone
Negative feedback effect on hypo and ant pit

Question 27

What cells does LH act on?

Answer 27

Theca cells- produce androgens

Question 28

What are androgens converted into?

Answer 28

Granulosa cells

Question 29

What do granulosa cells produce?

Answer 29

Oestrogen
Antral fluid