Hormones Flashcards
Hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones
what do they do and where are they released from?
hypothalamus
stimulates anterior pituitary hormones
what do they do and where are they released from?
human growth hormone (hGH)
anterior pituitary
stimulates cell division, bone and muscle growth, metabolic functions
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
what do they do and where are they released from?
stimulates the thyroid gland
anterior pituitary
ACTH
what do they do and where are they released from?
stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids
anterior pituitary
FSH
what do they do and where are they released from?
anterior pituitary
stimulates production of ova and sperm from overies and testes
LH
what do they do and where are they released from?
stimulates sex hormone production from ovaries and testes
anterior pituitary
Prolactin (PRL)
what do they do and where are they released from?
anterior pituitary
stimulates milk production from the mammary gland
ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
what do they do and where are they released from?
posterior pituitary
promotes the retention of water by the kidneys
oxytocin (OCT)
what do they do and where are they released from?
posterior pituitary
stimulates uterine muscle contractions and release of milk by mammary glands
thyroxine (T4)
what do they do and where are they released from?
thyroid
increases metabolic rate and regulates growth and development
calcitonin
what do they do and where are they released from?
thyroid
targets bones and kidneys to lower blood calcium by inhibiting release of calcium fro bone and reabsorption of calcium by kidneys (high calcium can lead to kidney stones, among other things)
parathyroid hormone (PTH) what do they do and where are they released from?
parathyroid
raises blood calcium levels by stimulating the bone cells to release calcium, the intestine to absorb calcium from food, and the kidneys to reabsorb calcium
glucocorticoids
what do they do and where are they released from?
adrenal cortex
stimulates tissues to raise blood glucose and break down protein
an example is cortisol
mineralcordicoids
what do they do and where are they released from?
adrenal cortex
example: aldosteron
promotes reabsorption of sodium and water by the kidneys
gonadocorticoids
what do they do and where are they released from?
adrenal cortex
promotes secondary sexual characteristics
epinephrine and norepinephrine
what do they do and where are they released from?
adrenal medulla
fight-or-flight hormones
insulin
what do they do and where are they released from?
pancreas
lowers blood glucose and promotes the formation of glycogen in the liver
glucagon
what do they do and where are they released from?
pancreas
raises blood glucose levels by converting glycogen in the liver to glucose
estrogen
what do they do and where are they released from?
ovaries
stimulates uterine lining growth and promotes development of the female secondary sexual characteristics
progesterone
what do they do and where are they released from?
ovaries
promotes growth of the uterine lining and prevents uterine muscle contractions
testosterone
what do they do and where are they released from?
testes
promotes sperm formation and development of the male secondary sex characteristics
what does the cerebellum do
Unconscious coordination of posture
Reflexes
Body movement and fine motor skills
what does the medulla oblongata do
Reflexes
Involuntary bodily functions (heart rate, swallowing, breath rate, coughing)
what does the pons do
Relay centre for right and left halves of brain
what does the midbrain do
Processing info from sensory neurons in eyes, ear and nose
what does the thalamus do
The great relay station- connective nerves across body
what does the hypothalamus do
Helps regulate body’s internal environment and behaviour
Major link between endocrine and nervous system
Controls blood pressure, heart rate, body temp, basic drives, emotions
what does the cerebrum do
Intellect, learning, memory, consciousness, language,
Processes and controls responses to sensory info
Which hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland
hGH (human growth hormone) TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) FSH (folicle stimulating hormone) LH (leutenizing hormone) PRL (prolactin)
which hormones are released by the posterior pituitary gland
oxytocin
ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
which hormones are released by the thyroid
T4 thyroxine
calcitonin
which hormones are released by the parathyroid
parathyroid hormone
which hormones are released by the adrenal cortex
cortisol (glucocorticoids)
aldosterone (mineralcorticoids)
gonadocorticoids
which hormones are released by the adrenal medulla
epinephrine and norepinephrine
which hormones are released by the pancreas
insulin and glucagon
which hormones are released by the ovaries
progesterone
estrogen
which hormones are released by the testes
testosterone
which hormones are released from the hypothalamus
hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones
