Hormones

Question 1

Luteinising Hormone (LH)

Answer 1

stimulates ovaries to produce the corpus luteum from ruptured follicle and produce progesterone
Type: Non-steroid- Glycoprotein-based
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Anterior lobe

Question 2

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

Answer 2

regulates height & growth
Type: Non-steroid- Protein-based
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Anterior lobe

Question 3

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

Answer 3

Stimulates production of melanin in basal layer of skin
Type: Non-steroid- Peptide-based
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Anterior lobe

Question 4

Thyrotrophin (TSH)

Answer 4

Controls thyroid gland
Type:
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Anterior lobe

Question 5

Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH)

Answer 5

Controls adrenal cortex
Type:
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Anterior lobe

Question 6

Prolactin or lactogenic (LTH)

Answer 6

Production of milk during lactation
Type: Non-steroid- Protein-based
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Anterior lobe

Question 7

Gonadotrophins

Answer 7

Controls sexual development and organs (ovaries & testes)
Type: Non-steroid- Glycoprotein-based
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Anterior lobe

Question 8

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 8

stimulates:
1) ovaries to produce oestrogen and ovulation
2) sperm production
Type: Non-steroid- Glycoprotein-based
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Anterior lobe

Question 9

Interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH)

Answer 9

stimulates sperm production and testosterone secretion
Type:
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Anterior lobe

Question 10

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 10

regulates water absorption in kidneys
Type: Non-steroid- Peptide-based
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- Posterior lobe

Question 11

Oxytocin

Answer 11

Contracts mammary glands when suckling begins- breastfeeding
Contracts uterine muscles- childbirth
Type: Non-Steroid- Peptide-based
Gland/Organ: Pituitary- posterior lobe

Question 12

Thyroxin & Triiodothyonine

Answer 12

stimulates tissue metabolism; maintains BMR (basic metabolic rate)
Type:
Gland/Organ: Thyroid

Question 13

Calcitonin

Answer 13

calcium & phosphorus balance
Type:
Gland/Organ: Thyroid

Question 14

Parathormone

Answer 14

Maintenence of calcium level in plasma; stimulates calcium reabsorption in kidneys; activates vitamin D
Type: Non-steroid- Protein-based
Gland/Organ: Parathyroid

Question 15

Mineralocorticoids- aldosterone

Answer 15

regulates salts in body: sodium chloride & potassium
Type: Steroids
Gland/Organ: Adrenal Cortex

Question 16

Glucocorticoids (Cortisol & Cortisone)

Answer 16

Produced in response to ACTH- metabolises carbohydrates, fats and proteins

Type: Steroids
Gland/Organ: Adrenal Cortex

Question 17

Oestrogen & Progesterone

Answer 17

Female sex hormones- control sexual development & maturity; ovulation; hair growth in pubic & axillary areas
Type: Steroids
Gland/Organ: Ovaries, Adrenal Cortex

Question 18

Testosterone

Answer 18

Male sex hormone- control sexual development & maturity; ovulation; hair growth in pubic & axillary areas
Type: Steroids
Gland/Organ: Testes, Adrenal Cortex

Question 19

Adrenaline (epinephrine) & Noradrenaline (norepinephrine)

Answer 19

Stress hormones- fight or flight; speed up heart rate, slow digestive & urinary systems, increase BP & blood sugar. Vasoconstrictor.
Type: Non-steroids- Modified Amino Acids
Gland/Organ: Adrenal Medulla

Question 20

Insulin & Glucagon

Answer 20

assists glucose to enter cells- regulates blood sugar levels
Type: Non-steroid- Protein-based
Gland/Organ: Pancreas- islets of langrhans

Question 21

Melatonin

Answer 21

derived from seretonin. controls circadian rhythm- responds to sunlight
Type: Non-steroid- Modified Amino Acid
Gland/Organ: Pineal Gland

Question 22

Thymic Factor (TF), Thymic Humoral Factor (THF), Thymosine, Thymopoitein

Answer 22

Partof immune systemm promote development of T lymphocytes
Type:
Gland/Organ: Thymus