HOP test 3 Flashcards
Define “sensible things” as they both agree.
both Locke and berkley agree that the mind can have ideas, but Locke says things are made of matter while Berkeley says everything can only be made of ideas
Locke says we know things by matter (mediately)
Berkeley says we know things without matter (immediately)
those only which are immediately perceived by sense
Is sugar sweet?
Locke says it has the potential to act on our taste buds in a certain way
Berkeley says sugar is an idea that has the capability to be sweet
Do you hear the coach?
no, you hear the sound of the coach - that sound implies that the coach exists
What is Berkley’s argument for the existence of God?
God must exist to perceive everything to keep it in existence
David Hume’s key work
Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
Hume’s Fork
All perceptions of the Mind are either impressions or ideas
What is all reasoning according to Hume?
All reasoning is either relations of ideas or matters of fact.
Hume’s two kinds of objects of reason
- Relations of Ideas
2. Matters of Fact
Relations of Ideas (object of reason)
not physical things
Matters of Fact (object of reason)
actual physical things
Why does Hume have a problem with cause and effect?
You cannot prove cause and effect simply by pure reason (a priori). You must experience or observe it first.
Hume’s two classes of perceptions of the mind
- Impressions
2. Ideas
According to Hume perceptions of the mind are distinguished by what?
Things are distinguished by forcefulness and liveliness
impressions (perceptions of the mind class )
something in which you sense - actual contact (more forceful and lively)
Ideas ( perceptions of the mind class)
when we reflect on the sensations or movements - we reflect on the impressions (the memories or ideas are less forceful and lively)
How does Hume define miracle?
A violation of the laws of nature
What are Humes four principles against his belief in miracles?
- there are no credible witnesses
- we have a fascination for the unusual
- they abound among the ignorant
- they cancel each other out
Immanuel Kant is associated with?
Copernican revolution in epistemology
Immanuel Kant believed that we cant know what?
We cant know “the thing in itself”
- noumenal and phenomenal realms - catagorical imperative
Who interrupted Kant’s dogmatic slumber?
David Hume.
What did Kant mean When He said Hume interrupted his dogmatic slumber ?
He gave him a new direction in speculative philosophy.
How did Kant claim to solve Hume’s problem?
He thinks that no one had ever thought of this before.
Hume thought we learned cause and effect by experience, Kant says what really makes cause and effect happen is there is something inside us that makes it happen
catagorical imperative
Do A! Moral imperative. Some things just must be done. The type of thing that everyone should do.
Hypothetical Imperative
If… Then… If A, then B
