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Histology > Hoof/Claw > Flashcards

Hoof/Claw Flashcards

0
Q

Hoof capsule

A

epidermal part of the hoof

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1
Q

Parts of the Hoof

A

epidermis and dermis

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2
Q

Foot

A

hoof capsule + everything inside it (CCT, bn, etc.)

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3
Q

Corium

A

dermis

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4
Q

keratinized surfaces of hoof

A

wall, sole, frog

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5
Q

hardness of keratin (Hardest to softest)

A

wall > sole > frog

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6
Q

Divisions of hoof wall

A

Stratum externum
Stratum medium
Stratum internum

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7
Q

Stratum Externum

A
  • outermost layer of hoof wall
  • very thin! thickest proximally
  • made of horn tubules & intertubular horn
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8
Q

Stratum Medium

A
  • middle layer of hoof wall
  • VERY thick.
  • made of horn tubules and intertubular horn
  • very dense & tough.
  • were shoe nails go
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9
Q

Stratum Internum

A
  • innermost layer of hoof wall
  • lots of projections/laminae that run from proximal to distal (PRIMARY LAMINAE)
    • ridge inside hoof wall, seen grossly, non-pigmented
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10
Q

Hoof capsule made by…

A

stratum basale!

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11
Q

5 epidermal regions of the hoof

A
  1. Stratum Externum
  2. Stratum Medium
  3. Stratum Internum
  4. Sole
  5. Frog
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12
Q

What supports the epidermal regions of the hoof?

A

dermis or corium

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13
Q

5 dermal regions of hoof

A
  1. Perioplic Dermis
  2. Coronary Dermis
  3. Laminar Dermis
  4. Sole Dermis
  5. Frog Dermis
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14
Q

Perioplic Dermis supports

A

stratum externum

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15
Q

Coronary dermis supports

A

stratum medium

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16
Q

laminar dermis supports

A

stratum internum

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17
Q

sole dermis supports

A

sole

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18
Q

frog dermis supports

A

frog

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19
Q

Perioplic dermis

A
  • narrow layer of dermis
  • supports stratum basale
  • small dermal papillae present
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20
Q

Dermal papille

A

run from dermal region into the epidermal region to supply it with nutrients

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21
Q

Coronet

A

junction of skin of distal leg with proximal boundary of the hoof wall.

A LINE

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22
Q

Coronary band

A

a region.

common name for the coronet

23
Q

Perioplic region

A

soft region of epidermis in the proximal hoof wall

proximal part of stratum externum

24
Q

Another name for the Perioplic Region

A

periople

25
Q

Hardness of hoof

A

wall > sole > frog > periople

26
Q

Coronary Region

A

junction between coronary dermis and epidermis

27
Q

Laminar region

A

junction of laminar dermis and laminar epidermis

NO papillae with laminar dermis

28
Q

Sole Region

A

junction between sole dermis & sole epidermis

29
Q

Frog region

A

junction between frog dermis and frog epidermis

30
Q

White Zone

A
  • white line

- junction between sole and wall (on bottom of hoof)

31
Q

Stratum externum made by

A

stratum basale in periople

32
Q

Coronary Dermis

A
  • supports stratum basale

- large dermal papillae present

33
Q

Stratum Internum interaction with Laminar Dermis

A

primary dermal laminae interdigitate with primary epidermal laminae
AND
secondary dermal laminae interdigitate with secondary epidermal laminae

LOOKS LIKE FEATHERS!

34
Q

Secondary dermal and secondary epidermal laminae

A

extensions of primary laminae

35
Q

Secondary epidermal laminae

A

lined by stratum basale that produces epidermis of stratum internum

36
Q

Horn Tubule (Tubular Horn)

A

epithelium overlying the dermal papilla

37
Q

Intertubular horn

A

epithelium between dermal papilla

38
Q

Growth of epidermal hoof (hoof capsule)

A

stratum externum -> proximal to distal
stratum medium -> proximal to distal
stratum internum -> inside to outside

39
Q

Do secondary epidermal laminae move in growth?

A

NO. their stratum basale cells must remain attached to basement membrane.

40
Q

Cloven Hoof

A
  • walk on 2 pointed toes
  • no frog or bars
  • bulb of heel is present
  • sole, wall, white zone/line present
41
Q

Non-equine hoof vs. equine hoof

A

Non-equine hoof has ONLY primary epidermal and dermal laminae!
NO feathers!

42
Q

Claw

A

cornified (keratinized) structure

43
Q

Claw plate

A

2 lateral sides/walls

44
Q

central dorsal ridge

A

dorsal midline of the claw

45
Q

sole of claw

A

flaky keratin underneath claw walls

46
Q

Sections of a claw

A

Dermis, stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum corneum,

47
Q

Coronary border of claw

A

proximal border of claw

48
Q

Where is stratum basale of claw most active?

A

coronary border and dorsal ridge of claw

49
Q

Where is most of the claw made from?

A

Stratum basale at coronary border and dorsal ridge

50
Q

Where is stratum spinosum thickest at?

A

dorsal ridge area

51
Q

Sole contains…

A

stratum granulosum and stratum lucidum

52
Q

Dermis in claw

A
  • underlies & supports stratum basale & spinosum
  • fills area between distal phalanx & epidermal structures
  • fuses with periosteum of distal phalanx
53
Q

Claw growth

A
  • proximal to distal in circular fashion.

- originates from coronary border under claw fold

54
Q

Horn Tubule Function

A

To absorb & distribute the concussive force of the hoof wall as it hits the ground. the horn tubules act as “springs” or “spring steel” in the hoof wall

Histology (9 decks)

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