Homeostasis P2

Question 1

Reflex action order

Answer 1

Stimulus, receptor, sensory neurone, relay neurones, motor neurone, effector and response

Question 2

What is a reflex arc ?

Answer 2

The nerve pathway followed by a reflex response action

Question 3

What is a synapse

Answer 3

Tiny gaps at the junction between two nerve cells which nerve signals must cross

Question 4

How does the electrical impulse travel through a synapse

Answer 4

Electric impulse travels along the first axon. This triggers the nerve ending of a neurone to release chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. These chemicals diffuse across the synapse and bind with receptor molecules on the membrane of the second neurone. The receptor molecules on the second neurone bind only to the specificneurotransmitters released from the first neurone which stimulates the second neurone to transmit the electrical impulse

Question 5

Hormone

Answer 5

A chemical substance produced by a gland and carried in the bloodstream, which alters the activity of a specific target organs e.g. the release of the hormone adrenaline

Question 6

What happens after a hormone has been used

Answer 6

It is destroyed by the liver

Question 7

What type of signal is the nervous system ? What time of signal is the hormonal system?

Answer 7

Electrical (chemical at synapses). Chemical

Question 8

What is the transmission of response for the nervous system? The hormonal system?

Answer 8

By nerve cells. By the bloodstream

Question 9

What are the effectors in the nervous system ? The hormonal system?

Answer 9

Muscles or glands. Target cells in particular tissues

Question 10

What is the type of response in the nervous system? The hormonal system ?

Answer 10

Muscle contraction or secretion. Chemical change

Question 11

Speed of response for the nervous system. The hormonal system?

Answer 11

Very rapid. Slower

Question 12

What is the duration of the nervous system? The hormonal system?

Answer 12

Short (until nerve impulses). Long (until hormone is broken down)

Question 13

Where is the pituitary gland and what is it known as?

Answer 13

“The master gland” in the brain

Question 14

What does the master gland secrete and what can these do?

Answer 14

It secretes several hormones into the blood. That’s can also act on other glands to stimulate the release of different types of hormones and Bring about effects

Question 15

What hormone does the thyroid gland produce and where is the gland situated

Answer 15

Thyroxine and neck

Question 16

What hormone does the pancreas produce

Answer 16

Insulin

Question 17

What hormone does the Testes produce

Answer 17

testosterone

Question 18

What hormone does the adrenal gland produce

Answer 18

Adrenaline

Question 19

What hormone does the ovaries produce

Answer 19

Produces oestrogen

Question 20

ADH (anti-diuretic hormone) does what and what does this lead to ?

Answer 20

Controlling the water control of the blood. This increases reabsorption of water by collecting ducts

Question 21

Adrenaline and its role and effect

Answer 21

Preparation for “fight or flight” which increases breathing and heart rate, flow of blood To muscles, conversion of glycogen to glucose

Question 22

Insulin role and effect

Answer 22

Controlling blood glucose levels which increases the conversion of glucose into glycogen for storage