Homeostasis: Body Fluid Flashcards

1
Q

What is the compositon of urine?

A
  • 95% water
  • 2.8% dissolved salts and other ions
  • 2% urea
  • 0.2% creatinine, ammonia, and uric acid
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2
Q

What are the three kinds of extracellular fluid?

A
  1. interstitial - fluid which bathes the cells;
  2. intravascular - fluid found inside blood vessels; and
  3. transcellular - fluid found in the ocular and CSF compartments.
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3
Q

Define osmotic pressure (2 marks)

A

the capacity for a solution to take in a solvent via osmosis or the pressure needed to prevent osmosis.

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4
Q

List two things that could cause osmotic pressure to increase and two things that could cause it to decrease. (3 marks)

A

Osmotic pressure can increase by:

  • an increase in non-iodised water consumption;
  • not-replenishing essential amounts of dissolved salts constantly; and
  • sweating (loss of dissolved salts).

Osmotic pressure can decrease by:

  • a lack in water consumption (dilution occurs);
  • consuming high-salt foods; and
  • never exercising.
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5
Q

What substances are reabsorbed back into the blood during selective reabsorption?

A

Glucose, amino acids, K+, Na+, other ions…

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6
Q

What substances are secreted back into the DCT via tubular secretion?

A

K+, creatinine, other ions and drugs.

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