Homeostasis

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Describes the relatively constant states maintained by the body

Question 2

Term homeostasis coined by …..?

Answer 2

American physiologist Walter B. Cannon

Question 3

Internal environment around body cells remains……..?

Answer 3

Constant

Question 4

Greek word homoios means…..?

Answer 4

the same

Question 5

Greek word stasis means……?

Answer 5

standing

Question 6

homeostasis Simplified

Answer 6

Means a condition that may vary, but which is relatively constant

Question 7

Examples of Homeostasis

Answer 7

Temperature regulation
Regulation of blood carbon dioxide level
Regulation of blood glucose level

Question 8

Feedback Control Loops

Answer 8

Devices for maintaining or restoring homeostasis by self-regulation

Question 9

Basic components of control mechanisms

Answer 9

Sensor mechanism
Integrating, or control, center
Effector mechanism
Feedback

Question 10

Hormones

Answer 10

Secreted into the blood, and information is transmitted in the control loops

Question 11

Sensor Mechanism

Answer 11

Specific sensors detect and react to any changes from normal

Question 12

The Integration Center

Answer 12

information is analyzed and integrated, and then, if needed, a specific action is initiated

Question 13

The Effector Mechanism

Answer 13

Effectors directly influence controlled physiological variables

Question 14

Feedback

Answer 14

The process of information about a variable constantly flowing back from the sensor to the integrator.

Question 15

Negative Feedback Control Systems

Answer 15

Are inhibitory
Stabilize physiological variables
Produce an action that is opposite to the change that activated the system
Are responsible for maintaining homeostasis
Are much more common than positive feedback control systems

Question 16

Positive Feedback Control Systems

Answer 16

Are stimulatory
Amplify or reinforce the change that is occurring
Tend to produce destabilizing effects and disrupt homeostasis
Bring specific body functions to swift completion

Question 17

Feed-Forward

Answer 17

Control systems occur when information flows ahead to another process or feedback loop to trigger and change in anticipation of an event that will follow.

Question 18

Intracellular Control

Answer 18

Regulates functions within cells by use of genes or enzymes.

Question 19

Intrinsic Control

Answer 19

regulates tissue and organ control by use of chemical signals or other “built-in” mechanisms

Question 20

Extrinsic control

Answer 20

Regulates from organ to organ using nerve signals or endocrine (hormonal) signals

Question 21

Homeostatic Mechanisms

Answer 21

May not be as efficient during infancy and early childhood as they are in adulthood
May lose their efficiency even more in advanced old age