homeostasis Flashcards
what is homeostasis
maintains optimal conditions for
enzyme action throughout the body, as well as all cell functions.
what do homeostasis control
-blood glucose
-concentration
-body temperature
-water levels
what does the nervous system include of
– nervous system- the brain and spinal cord
-the peripheral nervous system – nerve cells that carry information to or from the CNS
what do control systems include?
-cells called receptors which detect changes in the environment
-the coordination centre
-effectors which bring responses, muscles and glands
what are nerve cells?
they are called neurons and adapted to carry electrical impulses
what are the 3 types of neurons
-sensory
-motor
-relay
what are receptors and effectors
Information from receptors passes along neurones, as electrical impulses to co-ordinators such as the central nervous system
what is the order of the receptors to effectors system
Stimulus → receptor → coordinator → effector → response
what is a receptor ?
groups of specialised cells
detects a change in the environment (stimulus) and stimulate electrical impulses in response.
what are some sense organs in receptors
-skin = touch and pain
-tongue = chemicals eg in food or drinks
-nose = chemicals in hair
-eye = light
-ear = sound and position of head
what are effectors?
muscles and glands - that produce a specific response to a detected stimulus.
examples of effectors
-a muscle contracting to move an arm
-muscle squeezing saliva from the salivary gland
-a gland releasing a hormone into the blood
