Homeostasis Flashcards
Definition:
Study of internal and external structures of the body and the physical relationships among body parts (Gross & Microscopic)
Anatomy
Definition:
Study of how organisms perform their vital functions
Physiology
Definition:
The maintenance of a relatively internal environment
Homeostasis
Definition:
Adjustment of physiological systems to preserve homeostasis.
Homeostatic Regulation
Homeostatic Regulation Examples:
- Body Temperature
- Water level
- Levels of Calcium
- Blood pressure and heart rate
- Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels
- Blood Glucose
Definition:
A sensor that recognizes a stimulus (an environmental change)
Receptor
Definition:
Processes information from the sensor
Control Center
Definition:
Produces an activity in a homeostatic response
Effector
Example of Homeostatic regulation
Extrinsic Regulation
Nervous system or Endocrine system
Typically results in sending signals to many parts of the body causing a response.
Examples:
Heart Rate Regulation
Autoregulation (Intrinsic)
Cells, Tissues, or Organ Systems
- Can sense various environmental changes
- Can active response mechanisms that adjust activity
Typically a localized response
Negative Feedback
- Receptor senses a stimulus - some environmental factor is outside the normal range
- Control center activates the effector
- Effector produces a response to correct the situation
Examples:
- Body temperature increases: Vaso dilation and sweating increases
- Body Temperature decreases: Vaso Constriction and sweating decreases
Positive Feedback
- Less common
- Receptor senses a stimulus
- control center activates effector
- Effector produces a response that exaggerates or enhances the condition
Examples:
- Blood Clotting
Homeostatic Mechanisms can fail if pushed outside of normal ranges:
Possible Causes:
Infection, Injury, and genetic abnormalities
Possible Results:
Disease and death
