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Home-Ec > Home- Ec Chapter 1 - HEALTH / WELLBEING > Flashcards

Home- Ec Chapter 1 - HEALTH / WELLBEING Flashcards

1
Q

What is HEALTH?

A

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease

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2
Q

What is WELLBEING?

A

when we are physically and mentally healthy and have a sense of purpose/belonging

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3
Q

8 Steps to be physically healthy?

A

1.Take precautions against Illness
2.Eat a balanced diet
3.get enought sleep
4.Take regular exercise
5.take time for leisure and relaxation
6.have good personal hygiene
7.Maintain good mental health
8.Avoid health hazards

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4
Q

Taking precautions against Illness

A

Getting correct immunisations during infancy and childhood

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5
Q

Eat a balanced diet

A

ensures that you get all the nutrients you need to keep your body healthy and free from deficiency diseases

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6
Q

get enough sleep

A

support healthy brain function
maintain physical health
helps to support growth and development

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7
Q

Tips for a good night’s sleep

A

Go to bed and get up at the same time each day this sets your body clock correctly
Do not use electronic devices atleast one hour before sleeping.Blue light affects sleep

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8
Q

Take regular exercise

A

60 minutes dalily
physical effects:
unft,likely to be obese, heart disease,bexperience
breathing diffculties

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9
Q

Benefits of reqular exercise and Relaxation

A

reduces stress keeps the brain healthy and active
keeps heart and lungs healthy
keeps weight down,burns excess calories

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10
Q

having good personal hygiene

A

Is keeping your body,teeth,hair and clothes clean and
tidy

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11
Q

Guidlines for good personal hygiene

A

wash hands frequently
shower or bathe each day
change socks and underwear daily

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12
Q

The Skin

A

Epidermis:a waterproof layer which
contains melanin which gives skin colour
Dermis:contains blood vessels and
nerves, pores,sweat glands,hair folicles
Adipose tissue:A layer fat of cells providing
insultin

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13
Q

skin functions

A

protection,excretion,organ of
touch,temperature regulation and
production of vitamin D

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14
Q

Skin care in the sun

A

Avoid the midday sun
wear a hat and sunglasses
wear high SPF sun cream
never use sunbeds
cover your skin-birthmarks and moles

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15
Q

oral hygiene

A

Keeping your teeth and gums clean,
healthy and strong

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16
Q

Teeth and gums important

A

help you chew and digest your food
allow you to speak clearly

17
Q

Structure of teeth

A

enamel-which is a hard substance that
protects the tooth
Dentine-which lies directly under the enal
but is not as hard as the enamel
Pulp cavity-centre of the tooth which
contains nerves and blood vessels that
keep the tooth alive
Cementum-attaches tooth to the bone
holding it in place

18
Q

tooth decay

A

Bacteria in plaque which is caused by
leftover food eat sugar and produce acid
which dissolves enamel forming a hole
which goes through to dentine and to
pulb/nerves causing a toothache

19
Q

Caring for your teeth

A

Brush your teeth twice a day with good
quality toothbrush
fluoride in toothpaste helps keep the
enamel hard
use dental floss to remove food particles
visit your dentists twice a year
limit suaarv foods and drinks
eat foods rich in calcium and Vitamin Dto
strengthen teeth

20
Q

Mental health and wellbeing

A

mental health concerns with the health and
wellbeing of the mind,People who have
good mental health:have good self
esteem,are free from menta
ilnesses,aware of own thoughts and
feelings

21
Q

guidines for promoting
good mental health and
wellbeing

A

Look after your physical health
avoid unhealthy habits
discuss problems and feelings with
someone you trust
think positively ,be kind to others

22
Q

Social health and wellbeing

A

social health means being able to maintain
happy relationships and friendships

23
Q

Guidlines for good social
health

A

involve your self in activities and sports
limit the amount of time you spend on
social media

24
Q

What is stress?

A

is when we experience mental or
emotional strain due to diffculties or
challenges in our lives

25
Q

Causes of stress

A

pressure of school work and examinations
bullying . breakdown of friendships and
relationships . financial worries . family
problems, eg alcohol abuse by parents

26
Q

Effects of stress

A

Physical:sleeplessness,skin
problems,headaches
Mental:anger, anxiety.tearfulness
Social:not attending school, avoiding
friends

27
Q

Guidelines for coping with
stress

A

Get rid of the cause of stress, e.g, if a
student is being bullied they could report
what is happening sO that i it i S dealt with
and stopped. . Do something to relieve the
symptoms Or stress, eg. go for a walk.. Eat
well, take physical exercise, take time to
relax and get enough sleep. . Talk over
problems with someone you trust, e.g. a
friend, parent or teacher.

28
Q

Internet Safety

A

Think of everything you post as public, as
even private messages can be reposted..
Be polite: never say anything online that
VoU would not sav face-to-face. . Choose
your friends on social media carefully. . If
someone makes a hurtful comment to or
about you online, do not reply. . lf you feet
that someone is cyberbulying you,
screenshot their messages and tell a
trusted adult, e.g. a parent, gquardian or

29
Q

Negative efects of social
media

A

People can spend excessive amounts of
time on social media, neglecting other
aspects of their lives, eg schoolwork ol
family time. . Personal information and
images posted on social media can be
reposted, even when posted as ‘private’
This information can be accessed by future
potential employers. . Social media often
portrays a false image of the world, e.g
make people
how people look. This can
feel unhappy with their own lives. . Social
media can be used to carry out bullying

30
Q

Cyberbullying

A

Cyberbullying is when the internet is used
to carry out bullying. Examples of
cyberbullying include: : sending abusive
messages . making offensive comments on
videos O. posts “ spreading rumours online
posting ofiensive images . hacking into
people’s online accounts.

31
Q

Effects of Smoking

A

Individual:major health problems-cancer,premature ageing of the skin,discolours hair and teeth,addiction
Family:Financial hardships,passive smoking,cot death
Society:pressure on public health system as takes up resources such as hospital beds and take up doctors time and littering/pollution

32
Q

Government Response to smoking

A

Cigarettes and Tobaco are heavily taxed-expensive
Smoking banned in public places
It is illegal to sell cigarettes to under 18’s
packaging must include graphic images of health effect

33
Q

Effects of Alcohol abuse

A

Individual:major health problems,live cancer,damage to brain cells and memory loss,mental heal health issues e.g depression,Taking unnecessary risks e.g unprotected sex,become involved in socially unacceptable behaviours e.g violence
Family:Financial problems,contributes to issues such as domestic abuse,children may be needed to be removed from the home,
Society:Alcohol involved in over 1/3 of fatal road crashes,pressure on public health system,less money for irish businesses as absenteeism and poor quality work from hangover

34
Q

Government Responses to Alcohol abuse

A

Alcohol is heavily taxed which makes it expensive,Penalties for drink driving have increased
It is illegal to sell alcohol to under 18’s

35
Q

Voluntary organisations

A

Alcoholics Anonymous[AA]
Al-anon
Alateen
RISE[Recovery In a Safe Environment]

36
Q

3 different ategories of drugs

A

Legal:caffeine,nicotine,over the counter pills e.g paracetomol
Controlled:antibiotics,sleeping pills,anti-depressants
Illegal:heroin,Cannabis,cocaine and more

37
Q

Effects of Illegal Drugs

A

Individual:neglect personal hygiene and physical health,Injections sharing-High risk of HIV,mental illness e.g depression,involved in illegal activities e.g paying for drugs
Family:Financial hardships,child take on adult responsibilities,children may be needed to be removed from home
Society:pressure on public health system,major factor of violent crime in Ireland

38
Q

Government Responses to Illegal Drugs

A

Being caught in possession of illegal drugs is punishable by law
HSE run a number of drug treatment centres
Methadone and needle exchange programmes available
free anonymous drug helplines

39
Q

Voluntary organisations

A

Narcotics Anonymous
RADE[Recovery Through Arts Drama and Education]
RISE[Recovery In a Safe Environment]

Home-Ec (9 decks)

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