Holistic Flashcards
In 2020, what percentage of the UK pop was 65+
18.9%
In 2013 how many items where dispensed and how many where for the over 65 bracket?
1 billion items dispensed, 600 million for 65+
what is the CGA?
comprehensive geriatric assessment - assessing physical, mental social, functional environmental
what is translational research?
process of taking the findings from basic clinical, using then to produce innovation in healthcare - bench to bed
what is the male UK LE?
79.5
what is the female UK LE?
83.1
what are the 5 main issues with healthcare and older people?
- multiple comorbidities
- non specific symptoms
- atypical/ late presentation of symptoms
- lack of physiological reserve
- altered drug metabolism
What system is used to measure fraility?
Rockwood score - 1 being very fit and 9- terminally ill
define postural hypotension
fall in systolic bp by 20mmHg or diastolic falls by 10mmHg from lying to standing
what causes postural hypotension?
failure of postural compensatory mechanisms - ageing causes reduced elasticity and degeneration of sympathetic NS
how many adults in the UK take one or more unnecessary medication?
50%
define polypharmacy?
5+ medications at a time
what is the incidence of falls in the 65+ group
30%
what is the incidence of falls in the 85+ group?
40%
how many falls result in serious injury?
5-10%
what are the risk factors for falls?
age (postural hypotension), alcohol, medications, previous falls, impaired ADL, pain, sarcopenia, arthritis, gait/ balance abnormalities, walking aids
how does NCL approach falls as a prevention?
the MDT based falls and syncope service based at the Belsay Unit - day hospital
what is special about the ncl falls service?
it is the largest in europe
how many neck of femur fractures are there per year?
70,000
how did covid-19 effect neck of femur fractures?
common complications of bacterial pneumonia and acute kidney injury - prolonged hospital stay
what is pain management in femur fractiures?
acetaminophen, NSAIDS (used with proton pump inhib), opioids
what surgery is used in hip/ femur fractures?
arthroplasty - can be total or partial
when was the NHS founded and by who?
founded in July 1948 by Bevin
what where the NHS founding principles?
- meet needs of everyone
- free at point of delivery
- based on clinical need
How much care does NHS deliver every 36 hrs?
care to 1 million people
what is the NHS budget and what was it?
now it is 116bn, it was 437M in 1948 which is roughly 15bn.
how many employees does the NHS have?
1.5M - it is the worlds fifth largest employer
what is the function of MDT?
utilise each owns specialist skills and knowledge to ensure high quality patient centred care
define disease
disease - pathological process that is a deviation from the biological norm
define illness
illness- feeling and experience from unhealth and that is entirely personal to each individual and often accompanied with disease
define sickness
sickness- view on society on illness/ disease and how it it effects this
what is the function of CGA at a day hospital?
out patient facilities in one location
what is the prevalence of chronic illness within the 50-64yr group?
25%
what is hypovalemia?
low ecm volume
