Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

geography coasts > holderness case study > Flashcards

holderness case study Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

holderness key facts

A

60km flambourough head to spurn head
1m recede a yr (highest europe)
3 miles land lost and 20 villages since roman time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where is holderness

A

NE england
yorkshire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

geology holderness

A

chalk flamborough head to north bridlington
- cave arch stack stump, wave cut platform
- horizontal bedding planes

boulder clay bridlington to spurn head
-slumping
-sandy beach from cliff erosion
- 1.7m lost per year
- 7m tidle range

spurn point
- 5k long sand spit
-salt marsh and mud flats behind
- hooked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why so much erosion here

A

500-800Km NE fetch from Norway

warm atlantic ocean current circs N sea adding energy and inc freq destructive waves

depressions and winter storms cause big storm surges and higher sea levels.
more rain aswell so slumping occurs

sea floor very deep
little fricton
little wave energy absorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

LSD and beaches at holderness

A

N to S

narrow beaches due to small size of clay so easily removed
destructive waves so little deposition

ocean current meets outflow river humber, flow turbulent, sediment deposited, spurn head formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sub aerial processes at holderness

A

mechanical - wet and dry clay
rainwater saturated boulder clay

rotation slump
material removed in suspension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

man made processes

A

groynes
- caused terminal groyne syndrome

£1.9 mill on 2 rock groynes and granite barrier to protect mappleton
- erosion to S (great cowden) has trebled as beach starved and unprotected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

impact sea level holderness

A

slow eustatic rise
inc erosion and flooding

spurn head shrinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe flambourough head

A

chalk resistant and horizontal bedding planes
- wave cut platform

vertical joints lead to cave and geo
wave refraction on headland leads to arch and stack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

describe holderness cliffs

A

boulder clay

rainwater enters and causes slump seawards
- inc by removing vegetation and urbansiation

waves remove slumped material and lsd transports it south (1/2 mill tonnes/yr)
cliffs unprotected
more erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

describe spurn head

A

sediment deposited
recurved
salt marsh and sand dune ecosystem behind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what happened at barmston

A

storm drainage pipe trapped sediment
acted like groyne
led to term groyn syndrome
had to install rock armour

formed bay due to erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happened at ulrome

A

collapsed roads
forced caravan rollback

no defences
site abandoned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what happened at skipsea

A

road collapsed into sea

no management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happened at bewholme atwick

A

roads into sea
pipes and cables visible

abandoned caravan park
land low economic val

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happened at mappleton

A

substantial village so defences
lots slumping

boulder groynes
rip rap rock armour (from norway 2mill)
- large beach produced

term groyn synd
- huge crenulated bay

low value land lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happened at hornsea

A

lots coastal management

concrete sea wall which got upgraded to recurved
wooden groynes
riprap to protect sea wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what happened at aldborough

A

roads and coastguard station into sea
nothing done

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what happened at tunstall

A

road into sea

nothing done as buildings far back

19
Q

what happened at withurnsea

A

well protected

large concrete recurved seawall
extensive riprap
wooden groynes

term groyne syndrome impact holiday park

20
Q

what happened at spurn

A

lsd deposited sediment form 3 mile long spit into river humber estuary

used to have groynes as there was road and settlement for pilot boat driver fams but no longer exist
- groynes stopped being maintained

not econ viable to continue

21
Q

stakeholders in holderness management

A

national government - have cut budget

local gov and environ agency - east riding council follow gov guidlines

stakeholders eg residents farmers - have no say

environmental stakeholders eg rspb - want cont breeding at spurn head so against groynes

insurance companies - wont insure people if no coastal protection

22
Q

how much holderness not protected

A

around 90%
low value farmland
not worth protecting

23
Q

public defences

A

paid by gov

bridlington/hornsea/mappleton/ withernsea
-key settlements and gas terminal at easington

24
Q

private defences

A

paid by land owners

skipsea/ulrome temp planning permission from council to protect caravan parks

25
Q

why protect bridlington + what done

A

25,000 pop + tourists

4.7 of concrete sea walls
timber groynes

26
Q

why protect skipsea + what done

A

780 pop

by local land owner
protect caravan site

27
Q

why protect hornsea + what done

A

pop 8800 + tourists

1.8km conc sea wall
rip rap
groynes
beach nourishment
steel doors guard beach entrance

sand dunes planted

28
Q

why protect withernsea + what done

A

6,500 pop + tourist

2.2km recurved conc sea wall
wood groynes
riprap
beach nourisment
offshore rock armour reef

29
Q

why protect easington + what done

A

5000 pop + gas terminal

1km long revetments at terminal site
- 133,000 tonnes rock
cliff drainage

cliffs erode either side

reviewed in 25yrs to see if gas terminal still needed

30
Q

why protect spurn head + what done

A

no longer protected as not econ viable

31
Q

where is hold the line

A

bridlington
withernsea
hornsea
mappleton
easington

32
Q

where is do nothing

A

low populated areas

33
Q

where is managed retreat

A

roll back caravan parks

34
Q

how many SMP section

A

10

35
Q

what at section A

A

no intervention

flambourough will erode

36
Q

what at section B

A

HTL - high econ land val from harbour and bridlington town

marina developed retreat may need to occur

37
Q

what at section C

A

no intervention

may need to maintain barmston drain
- priv defences ulrome protecting caravan parks removed

38
Q

what at section D

A

HTL - protect hornsea as touism

caravan park will erode
more defences may needed

39
Q

what at section E

A

HTL only at mappleton

conservation areas may be eroded
assement for N-S transport links

40
Q

what at section F

A

HTL to protect withernsea

more defenses may be needed

41
Q

what at section G

A

no intervention

assesment N-S transport may be needed

42
Q

what at section H

A

HTL only at easington to protect gas terminal

review if terminal still of econ interest in future
term groyn syndrome

43
Q

what at section I

A

HTL at lagroon and kilnsea

erosion of conservation area may occur

44
Q

what at section J

A

managed realignment to maintain integrity barrier

if unsustainable limited management will be stopped

geography coasts (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions