climate change on coasts Flashcards
stats for sea level rise
1970 to 2015 avg was 2.1mm/yr
1993 to 2015 avg was 3.6mm/yr
how has climate impacted sea level
inc temp (nat and due to anthropogenic)
ice melt
water to ocean
rise
in temp
thermal expansion
rise
lead to flooding and erosion
how does inc storm freq and intensity cause sea level rise
high intensity storms
large storm surge due to winds pushing seawater to coast
lower pa (1mb drop = 1cm rise)
impact storms on coastal ecosystems
destructive waves
erosion
disruption habitats
example storm freq on area
hurricane katrina
the higher sea level lead to flooding being 15 to 60% higher than 1990
how does sea level rise inc coast flooding
higher start point for storm surge and big waves to overwhelm coast defenses
coastal flood impact ecosystem
ecosystems og above flooded area now covered in saltwater (plants may not be tolerant)
cause people relocate
example coastal flooding
miami 1/2 buildings sig risk storm surge/high tide flood
since 2000s sea level rise 17 inches
impact sea level rise low lying island
cause submergence of island causing unhabitable
impact submergence land ecosystem
people have to relocate
cant move on island
example island submerge
a island that belonged to solomon islands 1/2 uninhabitable
lost 11 homes
how can sea level rise chang coastline
inc coast erosion
as waves can reach further inland
recede coast
more bays as more cliff erosion
impact of coastline change on ecosystem
animals burrow into cliff cant as too unstable
example coastline change
holderness soft rock eroded due to sea rise
why cliffs and beachs there today
how does sea level rise contaminate water/farm
salt water can reach farms
salt water can enter rivers
