Hofstede + Hall

Question 1

Low context

Answer 1

cultural products that are easily accesible and consumed by the masses, comes with individualistic ie Western Europe

Question 2

high context

Answer 2

cultural products are sophisticated, often intellectual. comes with a collectivist culture.

Question 3

Hofstede

Answer 3

cultural dimension theory that identifies six cultural dimensions that can compare cultures.

Question 4

PDI

Answer 4

power distance index- reflects the extent to which less powerful members of a society accept and expect unequal distribution of power.
- high PDI= accept hierarchical order
- low PDI= strive for equality

Question 5

Individualism vs collectivism

Answer 5

measures the degree to which individuals in a society are integrated into groups.
- individualistic- prioritise individual rights.
- collectivist- group harmony and loyalty.

Question 6

Masculinity vs femininity

Answer 6

Distribution of roles between genders in a society.
- Masculine- assertiveness, competition, achievement
- femininity- cooperation, modesty and quality of life

Question 7

Uncertainty avoidance

Answer 7

Reflects society tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity.
high- prefer structured situations and clear rules
low- more adaptable and comfortable with ambiguity.

Question 8

Long term orientation vs short term normative orientation.

Answer 8

Focuses on a societies time horizon attitudes towards virtues.
long- value perseverance, thrift and a sense of shame
short- emphasise respect for tradition, fulfilling social obligations and protecting ones face.

Question 9

indulgence vs restraint

Answer 9

extent to which a society allows gratification of basic human desires related to enjoying life.
- indulgent- allow for fulfilment of these desires.
- restrained- surppress them for the sake of societal norms.