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Immunology > HLA System > Flashcards

HLA System Flashcards

1
Q

What is HLA?

A

Human Leukocyte Antigen

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2
Q

Chromosome and region for HLA

A

Chromosome 6 (short arm, p)

Region: MHC (Major histocompatibility complex)

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3
Q

What are the HLA class I antigens?

A

HLA A, B, C

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4
Q

Which cells do express class-I HLA?

A

Most cells

(in a form of house-keeping)

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5
Q

Which cells do not express class-I HLA?

A

RBC (Red blood cells) and Trophoblasts

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6
Q

Which immune cells do recognise the expression of class-I HLA?

A

CD8+ cytotoxic T cells

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7
Q

What are the HLA class II antigens?

A

HLA >> DP, DQ, DR

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8
Q

Which cells do express class-II HLA?

A

Professional APCs (Antigen-presenting cells)

(These are the cells of innate immunity that (spend their days) >>> to phagocytose extracellular materials >>> antigen expression)

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9
Q

Which immune cells do recognise class II HLA?

A

CD4 T lymphocytes

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10
Q

Which class of HLA is particularly important to match in transplantation?

A

HLA class II: DP, DQ. DR

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11
Q

Relation of HLA-Ds & HLA-Bs with antibody

A

HLA- Ds (DP, DQ, DR) correspond to diseases which have antibody tests

HLA Bs (B27, B5, B47 etc.) correspond to diseases which have NO detectable antibodies

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12
Q

HLA-A3 >>> Diseases

A

Haemochromatosis

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13
Q

HLA-B1502 >>> Diseases

A

Steven Johnson syndrome

(in response to carbamazeine use in Han Chinese population)

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14
Q

HLA-B5 >>> Diseases

A

Behcet’s disease

(HLA B51 is a split of B5; MICA allele)

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15
Q

HLA-B27 >>> Diseases

A
  • Seronegative spondyloarthropathies
    • Ankylosing spondylitis
    • Reiter’s syndrome (including. Reactive arthritis)
    • Psoariatic arthritis
    • Enteropathic arthritis (Associated with IBD)
  • Post-gonococcal arthritis
  • Acute anterior uveitis
  • Whipple’s disease
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16
Q

HLA-B35 >>> Diseases

A

Subacute thyroiditis

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17
Q

HLA- B47 >>> Disease

A

21-hydroxylase deficiency

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18
Q

HLA-DR2 >>> Diseases

A
  • Nacrolepsy
  • Goodpasture’s syndrome
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • SLE (less common)
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19
Q

HLA-DR3 >>> Diseases

A
  • Autoimmune hepatitis
  • Primary billiary cirrhosis (PBC) (Also DR8)
  • Primary Sjogren’s syndrome (PSS)
  • Diabetes mellitus type I
  • Dermatitis herpetiformis
  • Coeliac disease (95% associated with HLA DQ2, 80% with B8)
  • SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)
  • Addison’s disease
  • Membranous GN
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20
Q

HLA-DR4 >>> Diseases

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

Diabetes mellitus type I

Pemphigus

Drug induced lupus erythematosus

IgA nephropathy

PMR (Polymyalgia Rheumatica)

21
Q

HLA-DR8 >>> Diseases

A

Primary billiary cirrhosis (PBC) (Also DR3)

22
Q

HLA DR3 + DR4 combined >>> Diseases

A

Diabetes mellitus type I

23
Q

SLE >>> HLA

A
  • HLA A1
  • HLA B8
  • HLA DR2
  • HLA DR3
24
Q

Coeliac disease >>> HLA

A
  • HLA-DQ2 (95%)
  • HLA-DQ8
  • HLA-B8 (80%)
  • HLA-DR3
25
Q

Diabetes mellitus type I >>> HLA

A
  • HLA DR4 (mainly)
  • HLA DR3
26
Q

Psoriasis >>> HLA

A

HLA-cw6

27
Q

Felty’s syndrome: Dx triad

A
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Splenomegaly
  • Neutropaenia
28
Q

Felty’s syndrome >>> HLA

A

HLA DR4 (90%, strongly associated)

29
Q

Seronegative spondyloarthropathies

  • Ankylosing spondylitis
  • Reiter’s syndrome (including. Reactive arthritis)
  • Psoariatic arthritis
  • Enteropathic arthritis (Associated with IBD)

>>> HLA ??

A

HLA B27 (All have the same HLA)

30
Q

Post-gonococcal arthritis >>> HLA

A

HLA B27

31
Q

Acute anterior uveitis >>> HLA

A

HLA B27

32
Q

Whipple’s disease >>> HLA

A

HLA B27

33
Q

Narcolepsy >>> HLA

A

HLA- DR2

34
Q

Goodpasture’s syndrome >>> HLA

A

HLA DR2

35
Q

Multiple sclerosis >>> HLA

A

HLA DR2

36
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis >>> HLA

A

HLA DR3

37
Q

Primary billiary cirrhosis (PBC) >>> HLA

A

HLA DR3

HLA DR8

38
Q

Primary Sjogren’s syndrome (PSS) >>> HLA

A

HLA DR3

39
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis >>> HLA

A

HLA DR3

40
Q

Addison’s disease >>> HLA

A

HLA DR3

41
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis >>> HLA

A

HLA DR4

42
Q

21-hydroxylase deficiency >>> HLA

A

HLA B47

43
Q

Haemochromatosis >>> HLA

A

HLA A3

44
Q

Behcet’s disease >>> HLA

A

HLA B5

(HLA B51 is a split of B5; MICA allele)

45
Q

Subacute thyroiditis >>> HLA

A

HLA B35

46
Q

Abacavir hypersensitivity (a Tx of HIV) >>> HLA

A

HLA B*57:01

47
Q

Steven Johnson syndrome

(in response to carbamazeine use in Han Chinese population)

>>> HLA

A
48
Q

HLA B*57:01 >>> Disease

A

Hypersensitivity to Abacavir (an HIV treatment)

Immunology (16 decks)

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