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DT 1 Test 2 > HIV Virus > Flashcards

HIV Virus Flashcards

1
Q

What are GAG proteins?

A

Core and capsid structural proteins

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2
Q

What are Pol proteins?

A

Part of an enzymatic complex which includes:

Reverse transcriptase

DNA polymerase

RNAse H

Protease

Integrase

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3
Q

What are the Env proteins of the HIV virus?

A

Gp160 = Gp120 + Gp441

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4
Q

What is the function of Transcription transactivator?

A

TAT is responsible for both viral and cellular control regions of genes

Binds LTRs at the end of provirus

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5
Q

What is the function of REV?

A

Regulates transport of viral mRNAs out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm

Also regulates splicing of viral RNAs taht leads to the formation of viral mRNAs

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6
Q

What is the function of NEF?

A

Diminishes the expression of CD4 and MHC1 which changes T cell signaling, required to achieve a high virus load

Key component to enable a limited HIV infection to progress to full blown HIV infection

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7
Q

What is the function of VIF?

A

Promotes virus assembly and blocks the action of a cellular protein that normally acts as an antiviral protein

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8
Q

What is the function of VPU?

A

Enhances the release of virus from infected cells and inhibits the cell surface expression of CD4 on infected cells

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9
Q

What is the function of VPR?

A

Arrests infected cells in G2 phase - optimal for HIV replication and enhances the transport of proviral DNA from the cytoplasm into the nucleus

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10
Q

What is the core shape of HIV?

A

Cylindrical

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11
Q

What is the function of gp120?

A

Attachment of virus to receptor on cell surface

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12
Q

What is the function of gp41?

A

Necessary for viral envelope fusion with cell membranes or fusion between an infected cell and uninfected cells

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13
Q

What are two sources of genetic variation in HIV?

A

Point mutations - reverse transcriptase is error prone

Recombination between two copies of genomic RNA

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14
Q

What do M tropic HIV viruses bind to?

A

CD4 and CCR5 coreceptor

Early infection, present on certain peripheral T cells/macrophages

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15
Q

What do T tropic HIV viruses bind to?

A

CD4 and CXCR4 - majority of T cells

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16
Q

Where in the cell is HIV viral RNA reverse transcribed?

A

Cytoplasm

17
Q

What does the diagnostic test for HIV screen for?

A

Detection of HIV specific antigens and antibodies specific for HIV proteins

18
Q

How is viral load determined?

A

PCR based on reverse transcriptase

Reporte din RNA copies per mL

DT 1 Test 2 (8 decks)

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