HIV Pharm High Yield

Question 1

What is the phase II metabolic process for antiretroviral drug elimination that tends to result in fewer drug-drug interactions?

Answer 1

glucuronidation

Question 2

can see a typically self-limiting decrease in this with the use of tenofovir?

Answer 2

bone density

Question 3

what is an early adenosine analog noteworthy for its adverse effects due to mitochondrial toxicity?

Answer 3

didanosine

Question 4

What HIV drugs were/are considered to be teratogenic?

Answer 4

efavirenz and dolutegravir

Question 5

what HIV drug leads to renal toxicity and what syndrome is associated with this?

Answer 5

tenofovir; fanconi syndrome

Question 6

which class of HIV drugs is resistant to HIV-2?

Answer 6

NNRTI

Question 7

new pro drug of tenofovir that has a higher intracellular concentration and less renal and bone toxicity?

Answer 7

alafenamide

Question 8

what class of HIV drugs induce CYP3A4?

Answer 8

NNRTI

Question 9

what is an example of an HIV drug that causes hepatic steatosis?

Answer 9

zidovudine

Question 10

example of an HIV INSTI that will likely decline in use with availability of bicregravir from the same company?

Answer 10

elvitegravir

Question 11

what is a serious NRTI toxicity associated with early agents such as stavudine?

Answer 11

peripheral neuropathy

Question 12

what is the NNRTI approved for use in treatment-experienced people infected with HIV since it still works after HIV mutations that cause resistance to nevirapine and efavirenz?

Answer 12

etravirine

Question 13

among the toxicities associated with some NRTI that is thought to be due to inhibition of DNA polymerase gamma?

Answer 13

myopathy

Question 14

what HIV drug is a sulfa drug?

Answer 14

darunavir

Question 15

what is the toxicity associated with atazanavir?

Answer 15

unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

Question 16

an NNRTI that had early studies done on it that demonstrated the need for combination therapy

Answer 16

nevirapine

Question 17

early PI requiring 3x/day dosing, no longer used but still tested on for it’s unique ability to cause crystaluria/ renal stones

Answer 17

indianavir

Question 18

what is the newest 1x/day INSTI, only available in combination, well absorbed in comparison to other NSTI, high genetic barrier to resistance and very well tolerated?

Answer 18

bictegravir

Question 19

among early thymidine NRTI, notable for significant toxicities now associated with the drug class including CNS toxicities, fat wasting, and the ability to cause lactic acidosis and hepatic steatosis

Answer 19

stavudine

Question 20

when boosted, it is a first choice protease inhibitor for treatment naive patients due to its long half life and reduced side effects, but can cause sulfa drug hypersensitivity reactions?

Answer 20

darunavir

Question 21

newest/ best NNRTI with unique resistance mechanisms such that it works if resistance to efavirenz or rilpivirine and rilpivirine etravirine work if resistance to it; less significant drug-drug interaction and low incidence of typical side effects

Answer 21

doravirine

Question 22

HIV INSTI with 14 hr half life; widely recommended for initial ART because while resistance can develop due to integrase mutations, there is a high genetic barrier to this resistance

Answer 22

dolutegravir

Question 23

when boosted, a first-choice protease inhibitor for treatment naive HIV patients due to its long half life and reduced side effects

Answer 23

atazanavir

Question 24

early HIV target since mammalian cells lack this

Answer 24

reverse transcriptase

Question 25

the HIV drug class that is now the primary +1 addition to the NRTI backbone

Answer 25

INSTI

Question 26

common side effect of efavirenz, but typically subsides and rearely leads to discontinuations of the drug

Answer 26

CNS toxicity

Question 27

what hiv drugs cause renal insufficiency?

Answer 27

indinavir and tenofovir

Question 28

first HIV PI, it’s short half-life caused troublesome pill burden and it is among the agents well known for promoting irreversible lipodystrophy with long term use

Answer 28

saquinavir

Question 29

what is recommended every six months for HIV patients using TDF because of potential adverse effects?

Answer 29

urinalysis due to potential adverse effects on kidney

Question 30

what could happen when HIV drugs with activity against HBV are discontinued?

Answer 30

rebound of HBV

Question 31

chronic inflammation and/or reactivation of autoimmune disease as lymphocyte levels increase during ART

Answer 31

immune reconstrunction

Question 32

what is the NNRTI that is recommended for treatment naive patients, susceptible to mutations but not the one that quickly inactivate nevirapine and efacirenz- meaning they will will work

Answer 32

rilpivirine

Question 33

first generation INSTI, seems likely to be replaced

Answer 33

raltegravir

Question 34

what HIV drugs is HBV sensitive to?

Answer 34

tenofovir and emtricitabine and lamivudine

Question 35

what important drug is not sensitive to HBV?

Answer 35

abacavir

Question 36

why is resistance to PIs slow to develop and seldom a cause for treatment failure?

Answer 36

typically 4-5 mutations are required for HIV to develop resistance to PIs

Question 37

first generation NNRTI, has some typically self-limiting CNS side effects seldom requiring drug discontinuation

Answer 37

efavirenz

Question 38

ending of generic drug name that suggests the drug is an HIV PI?

Answer 38

-navir