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SBL Final > Dermatologic Pharmacology (Part 4) > Flashcards

Dermatologic Pharmacology (Part 4) Flashcards

1
Q

how would you treat mild comedonal acne?

A

topical retinoid

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2
Q

how would you treat mild mixed papular/pustular acne?

A

topical retinoid + topical antimicrobial

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3
Q

how would you treat moderate mixed and papular/pustular acne?

A

oral antibiotic + topical retinoid +/- BPO

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4
Q

how would you treat moderate nodular acne?

A

oral antibiotic + topical retinoid + BPO

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5
Q

how do you treat severe nodular/conglobate acne?

A

oral isotretinoin

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6
Q

what is the topical retinoid we discussed?

A

tretinoin

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7
Q

when do you use tretinoin?

A

once daily, at bedtime

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8
Q

what are the three topical antimicrobials we discussed?

A

bezoyl peroxide, clindamycin, and erythromycin

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9
Q

what is azaleic acid?

A

a dicarboxylic acid–> the plant defense response to an infection; it kills acne bacteria and decreases the production of keratin

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10
Q

what is azaleic acid used for?

A

to treat mild to moderate acne and also treats post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation

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11
Q

what are the 6 oral antibiotics used for acne treatment that we discussed?

A

tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, erythromycin, azithromycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

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12
Q

what are the atypical adverse effects associated with trimethoprim-sulfamthoxazole?

A

stevens-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

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13
Q

what are the two hormonal agents used for treating acne?

A

oral contraceptives and spironolactone

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14
Q

what is spironolactone useful for?

A

adult women with menstrual cycle-related breakouts of acne

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15
Q

what is the oral retinoid we discussed?

A

oral isotretinoin

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16
Q

what are the atypical adverse effects associated with oral isotretinoin?

A

teratogenicity

17
Q

what is the mechanism of action of retinoids?

A

They are vitamin A like compounds and as such they undergo some metabolism, enter into the cell, they bind to receptors that dimerize; they bind to recognition sites on the DNA retinoic acid recognition sites and then bring about gene transcription

18
Q

what are the effects of retinoids?

A

normalization of follicular keratinization, decreased cohesiveness of keratinocytes, and reduced follicular occlusion and microcomedone formation

19
Q

what are home skin care recommendations?

A

apply a gentle synthetic detergent cleanser

SBL Final (21 decks)

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