HIV & Drugs Flashcards
what are the three NNRTIs?
doravirine, efavirenz, rilpivirine
what are the five NRTIs?
abacavir
emtricitabine
lamivudine
tenofovir
zidovudine
what are the two integrase inhibitors?
bictegravir and dolutegravir
“tegra”
what are the four protease inhibitors?
atazanavir
darunavir
lopinavir
ritonavir
end with “navir”
what are the two entry inhibitors?
enfuvirtide and maraviroc
what is the side effect of enfuvirtide?
skin reaction and infection site
mechanism for enfuvirtide
binds gp41, inhibiting fusion and viral entry
mechanism for maraviroc
binds CCR5 on surface of T cells/monocytes which inhibits interaction with gp120
mechanism for protease inhibitors
prevents maturation of virus (protease comes from pol gene)
require boosting from ritonavir or cobicistat
side effects of protease inhibitors
hyperglycemia, GI intolerance
what medication should be used instead of rifampin for HIV patient with TB?
rifabutin bc rifampin decreases protease inhibitor concentrations
which protease inhibitor is a cytochrome P-450 inhibitor?
ritonavir
mechanism of integrase inhibitors
inhibit HIV genome integration into host cell chromosome by reversibly inhibiting HIV integrase
what three drugs are HIV patients on?
2 NRTIs and an integrase inhibitor
side effects of integrase inhibitors
increase in creatine kinase and weight gain
mechanism of NNRTI’s
bind directly to reverse transcriptase enzyme itself
do not require phosphorylation
side effects of NNRTIs
rash and hepatotoxicity
side effects of efavirenz
vivid dreams and CNS symptoms
mechanism of NRTIs
competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase and terminating the DNA chain
need to be phosphorylated to be active
which of the NRTIs is a nucleotide instead of a nucleoside?
tenofovir
which NRTI can be used during pregnancy?
zidovudine
side effects of NRTIs
myelosuppression (can reverse with G-CSF)
nephrotoxicity
what is abacavir contraindicated for?
patients with HLA-B*5701 mutation due to risk of hypersensitivity
which drug does not treat HIV 2?
NNRTI
