HIV & Drugs

Question 1

what are the three NNRTIs?

Answer 1

doravirine, efavirenz, rilpivirine

Question 2

what are the five NRTIs?

Answer 2

abacavir
emtricitabine
lamivudine
tenofovir
zidovudine

Question 3

what are the two integrase inhibitors?

Answer 3

bictegravir and dolutegravir
“tegra”

Question 4

what are the four protease inhibitors?

Answer 4

atazanavir
darunavir
lopinavir
ritonavir
end with “navir”

Question 5

what are the two entry inhibitors?

Answer 5

enfuvirtide and maraviroc

Question 6

what is the side effect of enfuvirtide?

Answer 6

skin reaction and infection site

Question 7

mechanism for enfuvirtide

Answer 7

binds gp41, inhibiting fusion and viral entry

Question 8

mechanism for maraviroc

Answer 8

binds CCR5 on surface of T cells/monocytes which inhibits interaction with gp120

Question 9

mechanism for protease inhibitors

Answer 9

prevents maturation of virus (protease comes from pol gene)

require boosting from ritonavir or cobicistat

Question 10

side effects of protease inhibitors

Answer 10

hyperglycemia, GI intolerance

Question 11

what medication should be used instead of rifampin for HIV patient with TB?

Answer 11

rifabutin bc rifampin decreases protease inhibitor concentrations

Question 12

which protease inhibitor is a cytochrome P-450 inhibitor?

Answer 12

ritonavir

Question 13

mechanism of integrase inhibitors

Answer 13

inhibit HIV genome integration into host cell chromosome by reversibly inhibiting HIV integrase

Question 14

what three drugs are HIV patients on?

Answer 14

2 NRTIs and an integrase inhibitor

Question 15

side effects of integrase inhibitors

Answer 15

increase in creatine kinase and weight gain

Question 16

mechanism of NNRTI’s

Answer 16

bind directly to reverse transcriptase enzyme itself
do not require phosphorylation

Question 17

side effects of NNRTIs

Answer 17

rash and hepatotoxicity

Question 18

side effects of efavirenz

Answer 18

vivid dreams and CNS symptoms

Question 19

mechanism of NRTIs

Answer 19

competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase and terminating the DNA chain
need to be phosphorylated to be active

Question 20

which of the NRTIs is a nucleotide instead of a nucleoside?

Answer 20

tenofovir

Question 21

which NRTI can be used during pregnancy?

Answer 21

zidovudine

Question 22

side effects of NRTIs

Answer 22

myelosuppression (can reverse with G-CSF)
nephrotoxicity

Question 23

what is abacavir contraindicated for?

Answer 23

patients with HLA-B*5701 mutation due to risk of hypersensitivity

Question 24

which drug does not treat HIV 2?

Answer 24

NNRTI