HIV and Hepatitis Flashcards
How might the following error reflect itself in testing result on an assay for anti-HIV 1 & 2: if you forget to perform the initial dilution and used straight patient serum
Too much antibody could be associated with prozone and a false negative result; also interfering substances in higher concentration than normal can cause false positive reactions.
How might the following error reflect in testing results during analysis for anti-HBc in patient serum:. In this procedure you add patient serum to a well containing a bead coated with HBc. The bead is washed and then an antibody to anti-HBc with an enzyme tag is added to the system. You forget to add the OPD tablets to the diluent used as the substrate (OPD reacts with the enzyme alkaline phosphatase to cause a color change)
No ODP, no color development; since this is a double antibody technique, the entire run appears non-reactive, the assay is falsely negative
How might the following error reflect in testing results on an assay for HBsAg: You were interrupted while adding conjugate (anti-HBsAg with a fluorescent tag) in the assay which tests for patient HBsAg and you missed adding conjugate to a whole row of beads (the beads contain anti-HBsAg on their surface)
No conjugate, no color development. This would produce all negative reactions in the row in question which could result in false negatives
Which of the following represent the hepatitis testing which MUST be performed on blood donor units prior to placing blood into the general supply.
HBsAg
Anti-HBc
Anti-HCV
HBsAG description
initial detectable marker found in serum during incubation period of HBV infection
HBeAG description
found in the serum of some patients who are HBsAg positive; marker for level of viral infectivity
Anti-HBc
indicator of recent HBV infection; may be the only serologic marker during the “window” phase
Anti-HBe
in cases of acute hepatitis it is the first serologic evidence of the convalescent phase
Anti-HBs
a serologic marker of recovery and immunity; its presence means the patient has seroconverted
The following serological marker is a reliable test for the presence of high levels of circulating hepatitis B virus (HBV) and an indication of high infectivity?
HBe Ag
All of the following are likely immunologic manifestations of HIV infection EXCEPT:
A. decreased absolute CD4 T-cell count
B. increased absolute CD8 T-cell count
C. anti-HIV is produced within 3 days of initial exposure
D. Patient demonstrates increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections
C. anti-HIV is produced within 3 days of initial exposure
A positive Western blot for HIV is represented by antibodies to which set of antigens?
gp41 or gp24 and gp120 or gp160
Which test is currently our most sensitive indicator of recent infection with hepatitis C
NAT testing for HCV
The typical profile for chronic active hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus is
positive for which of the following?
HBsAg
IgM Anti-HBc
IgG Anti-HBc
The core protein of the HIV-1 virus corresponds to
p24
The disappearance of HBsAg and HBeAg, the persistence of anti-HBc, the appearance of anti-HBs, and often of anti-HBe indicate
recovery phase of acute HBV hepatitis
The presence of HBsAg, anti-HBc (IgM) and often HBe Ag is characteristic of
early acute phase HBV hepatitis
Which serological marker of HBV infection indicates recovery and immunity?
anti-HBs
Which of the following is the best indicator of EARLY acute infection with the hepatitis A virus?
the presence of IgM antibodies to hepatitis A virus
Patient has?
HBsAg; negative
AntiHBc IgM: positive
Anti-HAV IgM: negative
acute hepatitis B infection
HIV 1 groups
Group M: the main group
Group N: the new group
Group O: the outlier group
(N & O W. Central Africa)
Which HIV group is less pathogenic with lower transmission rate?
HIV 2
perinatal route of HIV
during pregnancy, during delivery, or through breast milk
virus family of HIV
Retrovirus subfamily lentivirus
