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Virus ID - Clinical Medicine > HIV > Flashcards

HIV Flashcards

1
Q

What is HIV?

A

Retroviruses

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2
Q

What HIV is in the US and world?

A

HIV-1

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3
Q

What HIV is in west africa?

A

HIV-2

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4
Q

What act has highest sexual transmission risk?

A

receptive anal intercourse

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5
Q

What is 70-80% of HIV infections from?

A

vaginal sex

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6
Q

How do you reduce the risk with treatment of pregnant transmission of HIV?

A

Zidovudine

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7
Q

What do higher titers of HIV mean?

A

higher risk of transmission

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8
Q

What does OCP increase the risk of?

A

transmission of HIV

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9
Q

What is protective against HIV?

A

circumcision

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10
Q

How is HIV not passed?

A

saliva, insect or touching

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11
Q

When do you need to get treatment after exposure to HIV for healthcare workers?

A

24 hr

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12
Q

What is the pathology of HIV

A

RNA –> RT –> DNA –> DS DNA

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13
Q

What does HIV infection cause?

A

decreased CD4 T lymphocytes

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14
Q

What is the requirement of CD4 for HIV to AIDs?

A
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15
Q

What is advanced HIV?

A

CD4

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16
Q

What is the first presentation of HIV?

A

lymphadenopathy - 2 noncontigous areas, persists for 3 mo, symmetric

17
Q

What are most early symptoms of HIV?

A

asymptomatic

18
Q

What are the 9 symptomatic HIV infection?

A

oral or vaginal candidiasis, oral hairy leukoplakia, herpes zoster, peripheral neuropathy, ITP, human papillomavirus and cervical dysplasia, MRSA, s. pneumo, syphillis and hep B/C

19
Q

What is cutaneous and visceral organ involvement that are raised vascular tumors?

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma

20
Q

How do you treat Kaposi’s sarcoma?

A

chemotherapy regimens

21
Q

What is an atypical fungus that HIV pt get?

A

p. jirovecii

22
Q

How does p. jirovecii present on x ray?

A

bilateral infiltrates

23
Q

How is p. jirovecii dx?

A

sputum sample or bronchoalveolar lavage

24
Q

How do you treat p. jirovecii?

A

Bactrim

25
Q

What is a wt loss of at least 10% in the presence of diarrhea or chronic weakness and documented fever for at least 30 days that is not attributable to a concurrent condition other than HIV infection itself?

A

wasting syndrome

26
Q

How do you treat wasting syndrome?

A

appetite stim - megestrol acetate or dronabinol

Virus ID - Clinical Medicine (14 decks)

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