Hitlers Foreign Policy

Question 1

when was the rome-berlin-axis made official?

Answer 1

in 1936

Question 2

when did hitler introduce conscription?

Answer 2

march 1935

Question 3

the wehrmacht grew from _____ to ______

Answer 3

100,000 to 300,000

Question 4

when did hitler leave the league of nations?

Answer 4

1933

Question 5

what did hitler di in 1936-9?

Answer 5

supported the nationalist rebels in the spanish civil war, used conflict to test new techniques in aerial bombing

Question 6

why did the italians feel betrayed?

Answer 6

they hadn‘t received the adriatic port of fiume, nor did they gain enough if germanys colonies

Question 7

what did italy want?

Answer 7

• rebuid a roman empire
• break free from the meditarrenean ‚prison‘ where france and britain had several key military bases
• left the league in december 1937

Question 8

what did japan want?

Answer 8

• had a massive population increase but food and other raw materials had to be imported.
• wanted to acquire an empire to ensure the supply of resources japan needed and to challenge the british french and dutch empires in the far east

Question 9

1936

Answer 9

the start of german rearmament and the remilitarisation of the rheinland

Question 10

1938

Answer 10

the anschluss with austria

the transfer of the sudetenland from czechoslovakia

Question 11

1939

Answer 11

the invasion of prague

the seizure of memel

the claims made over danzig and the polish corridor

Question 12

hitler had three foreign policy aims:

Answer 12

• to create a german reich in which all german-speaking people lived
• to destroy the TOV and restore german pride and power
• seek lebensraum in the east
• destroy communsim

Question 13

1935 saar plebiscite

Answer 13

• the saar was an industrialised region of germany, birdering france.
• it was put under the LON‘s control for 15 years in 1920
• in jan. 1935, 90% of voters chose reunion with germany. it was returned to germany in march.

Question 14

effects of the saar plebiscite

Answer 14

1) the fact that the meague had not complained; denonstrated weakness
2) the huge majority in favour of the treaty showed how determined the germans were to destroy the TOV
3) boost for hitler and his regime and his goals and future schenes

Question 15

1936 rhineland

Answer 15

• germany accepted the rhineland demilitarization in the locarno treaties of 1925
• in march 1936 two divisions of the wehrmacht marched into the rhineland; if the french had opposed them, hitler would give orders to retreat. france was busy with an elextion campaign, however, and neither france nor britain risked going to war

Question 16

spanish civil war

Answer 16

hitler and mussolini took the opportunity to test out military equipment that had only seen action on the training ground

the dive bombing the luftwaffe inflicted on spanish towns like guernica provided practice and would later be deceloped into Blitzkrieg

Question 17

anschluss with austria 1938

Answer 17

hitler encouraged austrian nazis to stage demonstrations and revolts. he demanded that an austrian nazi called seyss-inquart be named minister of the interior.

schuschnigg called a plebiscite on whether austria should remain independent; hitler threatened to i vade if he didn‘t resign. schuschnigg and cabinet resigned and seyss-inquart invited germany in to restore order.

on the 15th march 1938, hitler entered vienna to proclaim a greater german reich.

Question 18

why did appeasement seem like a good idea?

Answer 18

• british people wanted peace
• chamberlain wanted a strong germany to be a barrier against communism
• britains armed forces were not ready for war
• many people admired hitler, he eas named „man of the year“ by time magazine in 1938
• many of hitlers complaints seemed reasonable - the sudetebland contained many ethnic germans

Question 19

results of appeasement

Answer 19

• czechoslovakia was weakened
• britain gained a year to build up his armed forces, but so did hitler
• russia decided b and f would never step up to hitler

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Question 20

what did the invasion of czechoslovakia show?

Answer 20

• proved hitler had been lying at munich
• showd hitler was not just interested in „greater germany“ as czechs were not german
• on the 31st of march 1939, chamberlain promised to stand up to hitler if he invaded poland

Question 21

6 factors that ended appeasement

Answer 21

• kristallnacht
• invasion of czechoslovakia in may 1939
• may 1939: pact of steel between germany and italy

Question 22

munich agreemnt

Answer 22

30 september 1938

Question 23

what were the two policies of the rome berlin tokio axis powers

Answer 23

nationalism- a belief that encourages people to strongly identify with their country

militarism- the belief a country should maintain a strong army and military arms

Question 24

when did hitler introduce conscription

Answer 24

march 1935

by 1939 103 divisions were ready for war

Question 25

september 1940:

Answer 25

tripartite pact: mutual assistance, allies, germany and italy would be the new order in europe while japan would be the „overlord in asia“

Question 26

why did italy feel betrayed by the allies?

Answer 26

- no colonies | - no adriatic port of fiume

Question 27

key actions between 33 and 39

Answer 27

36- remilitarization of the rhineland 38- anschluss with austria 38- sudetenland 39- invasion of prague and seizure of memel 39- claims made over danzig and polish corridor

Question 28

what did the french do in reaction to hitlers rearmament

Answer 28

rebuild the maginot line, a row of forts on the border, to stop a german i vasion

Question 29

why should the league have stopped manchuria?

Answer 29

it would have acted as a deterrent to great powers like italy or germany

Question 30

what did rhe spanish civil war cause?

Answer 30

- hitler was able to test his luftwaffe - was able to develop his BLITZKRIEG tactic - mussolini and hitler became closer - boosted hitlers confidence

Question 31

eight results of appeasement

Answer 31

1) let hitler grow stronger 2) gave britain time to re arm 3) humiliated britain 4) abandoned millions of innocent people to the nazis 5) caused the war by giving hitler confidence to think he could do anythibg 6) gave britain the morale high ground 7) would never have stopped hitler anyways 8) attempted to prevent the deaths of millions of innocent men in the war

Question 32

first meeting: b and g

Answer 32

berchtesgaden (15 september 1938) - chamberlain decided hitler was a man who can be relied upon

Question 33

second meeting

Answer 33

bad godesberg (22 september) - hitler made more demands -

Question 34

munich

Answer 34

29th september gave sudetenland to germany

Question 35

30 september

Answer 35

peace for our time, chamberlain returns to england woth jis famous piece of papers

Question 36

nazi soviet pact

Answer 36

23 august 1923, non aggression pact „secret protocols“ agreeing spheres of influence in finland, estonia, latvia and lithuania, romania and poland.

Question 37

why did anglo soviet talks fail? SCAB

Answer 37

- suspicion: chamberlain did not trust stalin, who was a communist dictator - choice: britain could not send troops to fight in poland, so if stalin supported britain, he would end up fighting a war in poland on britains behalf appeasement: stalin was convinced that britain would break its promise to poland. britain delayed: lord halifax refused stalins offer of a meeting. stalin got fed up with british delay

Question 38

why did the nazi soviet pact happen? THUG

Answer 38

- time to prepare for war hope to gain: he thought he could gain something by exhausting the allies and germany unhappy with britain: anglo soviet alliance failed SCAB germany: hitler wanted the alliance because only russia could keep britains promise to defend poland

Question 39

why did the NS pact cause the SWW

Answer 39

- freed up hitler to invade poland- britain couldn‘t defend poland - ended britains hopes of an alliance with russa to stop hitler - improved morale of british people for war - showed hitler as a snake ass b

Question 40

SCRAMCUP

Answer 40

- saar plebiscite - conscription/ rearmament - rhineland: 7th march 1936 - austria: 11 march 1938 - munich: at munich on 29 september 1938 - czechoslovakia: 15 march 1939 - nazi soviet pact: august 23rd, 1939 poland: 1 september, invasion 3rd september, war starts