Hitler's rise to power Flashcards
How many people were at the first NSDAP meeting hitler attended?
23
DAP funding on Hitler’s third meeting
7 marks and 50 pfennings
When did Hitler join the DAP?
19th September 1919
When was the 25 Point Programme written?
Feb 1920
What was the DAP strongly opposed to in the 25. pp?
Jews, democracy, Weimar politicians
Hitler’s speechs
Mimicked opera singers, started off slow then became frenzied
How many times was Hitler the star speaking in 46 party meetings?
31
DAP membership by the end on 1920
3,000
When was the DAP’s name changed
1920
When did the Nazis adopt the swastika
1920
What newspaper did the NSDAP buy?
Volkischer Beobachter
What was the V.Beobachter’s circulation within a year?
17,000
When did Hitler force a leadership contest with Anton Drexler
July 1921
What did the DAP do in January 1920
Set up permanent office with a full time administrator
Julius Streicher
Founded the Nazi newspaper Der Sturmer with circulation of 14,000 - headlines screamed abuse at Jews/comm
By Aug 1922, how many SA?
800
What did SA do?
Disrupt opposition meeting, control crowds, impression of power/organisation
Short term causes of Munich Putsch
Hyperinflation, French occupation of the Ruhr, public embitterment
Medium term causes of Munich Putsch
Mussolini’s 1922 ‘march on Rome’
Long term causes of Munich Putsch
Versailles had caused grievances to pile up, Bavarian state gov shared similar views/turned blind eye to the violence
Where was the Munich Putsch
Burgerbrau Keller beer hall
How many SA burst into beer hall with Hitler
600
What did Rohm and SA do during Munich Putsch
Took over local police and army headquarters
What had happened by 9th Nov 1923
Triumvirate had withdrawn their support
Who was killed in the Munich Putsch
14 of Hitler’s support, four policemen
Where did rebels go for refuge?
One group entered a school for girls and hit under the beds
When was Hitler arrested
11th Nov - found hiding in a wardrobe in a friend’s house
Consequences Munich Putsch
NSDAP banned, Hitler + three others guilty of treason
Impact of Hitler’s trial
Used it to get national publicity for his views
What did Hitler realise from the Munich Putsch
Needed a party with nationwide support and democracy, must ‘hold our noses and enter the Reichstag’
What did Hitler describe his imprisonment as?
Free education at the state’s expense
When was the ban on the NSDAP lifted?
Feb 1925
How did Hitler boost his finances?
Recieved loans from big businessmen - Krupp, Bosch and Thyssen
How many SA by 1930?
400,000
One reason SS introduced in 1925?
Munich Putsch taught Hitler the importance of a totally loyal bodyguard
In B.C which leaders stressed the socialist element?
Goebbels and Strasser - northern, urban, industrial areas
In BC, which leaders stressed the nationalist element?
Hitler - southern, rural areas
Impact of Bamberg Conferences location
Southern party leaders made up majority of conference
How did Hitler make his views in B.C clear?
Spoke for 5 hours - made socialist wing seem like communist
Who did Hitler win over in B.C?
Gobbels
What did Strasser call Goebbels?
a ‘scheming dwarf’
Consequence of B.C
Socialist wing weakened, Hitler’s control clear
How did Hindenburg limit Nazi support
A war hero - boosted support for Weimar
What % of the vote did Nazis get of Berlin and Ruhr industrial district in 1928?
1%
How many seats did the Nazis win in May 1928?
Only 12
How many shares sold on Black Thursday - 24th Oct
13 million
How much had investors lost within a week
$4,000 million
E.g of a bank that went bust in 1929
The German Civil Servant Bank
Impact of worldwide economic crisis in 1929
Exports fell
What % of uni graduates were unemployed in Jan 1933?
60%
What % of the unemployed recieved no benefits in 1932?
27%
What did Bruning propose
Higher taxes and a fixed time limit on unemployment benefits
How many times did the Reichstag meet in 1932
13
How many times was Article 48 used in 1932
66
Growth in votes for KPD 1928-32
1 million
How much lower were real wages in 1932 compared to 1928
15%
Appeal of Nazi party
Hitler a strong leader who’d restore law and order, would scrap Treaty of Versailles
Appeal of SA
Organised, disciplined, reliable. Strong enough to control unrest and stand up to foreign powers
What did SA do during 1930 and 1932 elections
Tore down oppositions posters, intimidated candidates, broke into offices and disrupted their rallies
Who allowed Goebbels to use his newspapers for anti-comm propaganda
Alfred Hugenberg
Appeal of Nazis to middle class
Protection from communists, restore moral decline of 1920s
Appeal of Nazis to farmers
Protection from comm who’d confiscate their land
Appeal of Nazis to women
Claimed it was best for their country and family
Outcomes of presidential elections 1932
March - 11m votes
April - 13 mil votes
When did Von Papen become chancellor
May 1932
How many seats did the Nazi’s win in the July 1932 elections
230
Why was the presidential elections repeated
Noone got 50% - Hindenburg got 49.6%
What had Bruning done to annoy Hitler
Ban the SS and SA
How many killed in July 1932 election campaign?
100
Why did von Schleicher’s chancellorship have no support?
No political support, asked Hindenburg to suspend the constitution and make him head of a military dictatorship
von Papen’s belief about Hitler
As vice chancellor, had him ‘in his pocket’
