HISTORY TAKING, DIAGNOSIS, PRENATAL CARE

Question 1

10 Danger Signs of Pregnancy

Answer 1

SIGNS OF PREECLAMPSIA
headache
blurring of vision
prolonged vomiting
epigastric or RUQ pain
nondependent edema

SIGNS OF INFECTION
fever
dysuria
watery vaginal discharge

SIGNS OF THREATENED PREGNANCY
bloody vaginal discharge
↓ fetal movement

Question 2

Bartholomew’s Rule

Answer 2

12 weeks - fundus just above the pubic bone
24-34 weeks - fundic height ~ = AOG
20 weeks - FH is at the level of umbilicus

Question 3

Quickening

Answer 3

Primigravida - 18-20 weeks

Multigravida - 16-18 weeks

Question 4

Fetal heart tone detected by Doppler

Answer 4

10-12 wks

Question 5

Fetal heart tone detected by stethoscope

Answer 5

20-22 wks

Question 6

Leopold’s Maneuver

Answer 6

Fundal Grip
Umbilical Grip
Pawlic’s Grip
Pelvic Grip

Question 7

Fundal Grip

Answer 7

Differentiate whether the fetus is breech or cephalic

Breech - large nodular body; buttocks – CEPHALIC presentation

Cephalic - hard and round; freely movable; ballotable – BREECH presentation

nothing is palpable – TRANSVERSE presentation

Question 8

Umbilical Grip

Answer 8

FETAL BACK - hard resistant structure

FETAL EXTREMITIES - numerous, small, irregular, mobile parts

Question 9

Pawlic’s Grip

Answer 9

define ATTITUDE of the head if presenting part is not engaged:

if cephalic prominence is on the SAME side as the small parts – head is flexed (VERTEX POSITION)

if cephalic prominence is on the SAME side as the back – head is extended (FACE PRESENTATION)

Question 10

Pelvic Grip

Answer 10

Examiner faces the mother’s feet and w/ the tips of the first three finger of each hand, exerts deep pressure in each direction of the axis of the pelvic inlet

Question 11

Presumptive Evidence of Pregnancy

Answer 11

nausea
disturbance of urination
fatigue
quickening
cessation of menses
Hartman sign
Chadwick sign

Question 12

Chadwick Sign

Answer 12

discoloration of vaginal mucosa

Question 13

Probable Evidence of Pregnancy

Answer 13

Hegar’s sign

Goodell’s sign

Question 14

Definite Evidence of Pregnancy

Answer 14

fetal heart action

funic (umbilical) souffle - rush of blood through umbilical cord

uterine souffle - soft, blowing sound synchronous w/ maternal pulse

Question 15

Definite Evidence of Pregnancy

Answer 15

fetal heart action

funic (umbilical) souffle - rush of blood through umbilical cord

uterine souffle - soft, blowing sound synchronous w/ maternal pulse

active fetal movement

recognition of embryo or fetus by ultrasound/sonographic

Question 16

Radiographic Signs of Fetal Death

Answer 16

Spalding Sign
Robert’s Sign
Exaggerated curvature of the fetal spine

Question 17

Spalding Sign

Answer 17

significant overlap of the skull bone d.t. liquification of the brain

Question 18

Robert Sign

Answer 18

demonstration of gas in fetal spines

Question 19

Frequency of Visits

Answer 19

interval of 4 weeks until 28 weeks (monthly)

intervals of 2 weeks from 29-36 weeks (every 2 weeks)

37 weeks until delivery (weekly)

Question 20

maternal serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP)

Answer 20

16-18 weeks

detects open neural tube defects

Question 21

gestational diabetes screening

Answer 21

24-28 weeks

Question 22

group B streptococcus infection

Answer 22

35th-37th week