History & Systems 3 German Persons to Know Flashcards
Spinoza
Mind-Body Problem: Double Aspectism. Mind and Body are not different entities but two sides of one coin.
Leibniz
Responded to Locke.
Mind not passive: It transforms experiences.
Monad: The agent that acts which leads to being and perception. Seems to be a driving force that is part of the soul? They’re little forces of energy which he found in plants!
Monadology: All beings have a monad, and in humans it is the mind as it has sensitivity and responsivity. God organizes the monads in such a way that makes a harmonious personality.
Mind-Body Problem:
Independent Physical and Mental Process,preestablished harmony.
Christian Von Wolff
German Philosopher "Psychologia Empirica" "Psychologia Rationalis" Mind and Body distinct Rational organization is called faculty psychology. Human life is unique
Immanuel Kant
Empiricism, skepticism, nativism.
Senses activate the mind. Mind forms conception of senses.
Divides the two:
“Critique of pure reason” (Experiential knowledge)
“Critique of rational reason”(Independent of experience)
We can perceive things because they are external and innate to us (Space and time)
Mental categories (all perceptions fall into): Quality, quantity, relation, modality. Maybe need to explain these.
Morality: Determined not by experience but structure of the mind. Volition.
Johann Freidrich Herbart
Empirical, mathematics
“Psychology as a science founded on experience, metaphysics, and mathematics”
Observations, but not necessarily experimental.
Psychology uses mathematics
Friedrich Eduard Beneke
“Psychological Sketches”
Opponent of Herbart (Math guy)
Acquired and Native mental dispositions create psychological processes of knowling, feeling, and willing.
Rudolf Hermann Lotze
Rationalism! No reduction!
“Medical Psychology”
Experience needs a qualitative methodology.
Mental activity rather than passivity
