History Quiz 1 Flashcards
when was the Tokugawa Period
1603 - 1867
what is a shogun
supreme military leader
japan’s economy was based on _____________________
feudalism
what was the Act of Seclusion
Japan cut off trade with western nations
what was Japan’s main religion during the Tokugawa period
Confucianism
what is Confucianism
it had a strong emphasis on loyalty and duty
Tokugawa shogunate began to __________________ during the mid 1800s
weaken
after the shogunate topples, who is made emperor of Japan
Young emperor Meiji
what occurred during the Meiji Period (when Meiji was emperor)
- social, political, and economic changes
- feudalism system was abolished
- Japan opened up to trade with the west
- military was strengthened
Japan was limited on resources dues to what ?
It being an Island Nation
what resources did Japan have to import
- Rubber
- Iron
- Oil
- Tin
resources were crucial for ___________________(1)_______________ and Japan’s _____________ (2) _____________
1) industrialization
2) war machines
who was the emperor of Russia during the Meiji Period
Czar Nicholas II
what was Czar Nicholas II looking for near Japan?
warm water ports in eastern Russia
why was Japan concerned with the Russians?
they were concerned about Russian influence in that region
who did Japan stage a surprise attack on in 1904 ?
Russia
When was the Russo-Japanese War?
1904 - 1905
by the end of 1904, the Japanese Navy had _______(1)________ every ______(2)_______ in Russia’s Pacific fleet
1) sunk
2) ship
with Russian’s distracted, and demoralized, Japanese invade and capture what?
the Korean Peninsula
by the end of 1905, Russia was forced to pursue what ?
Peace Agreement
what was the treaty of Portsmouth
ended the Russo-Japanese War
who was the mediator of the treaty of Portsmouth ? / What did this person get for doing it ?
US president Theodore Roosevelt / he won the Nobel Peace Prize
what did Russia do because of the Treaty of Portsmouth
they just left Manchuria and recognized that the Japanese were now in control of it
how did taking over Manchuria affect Japan ? Who did they want to fix their problems for them ?
it left Japan broke / they wanted Russia to pay for reparations
who disagreed with Japan when Japan told Russia to pay their reparations
US
in 1910, the Empire of Japan annexed _____________________
Korea
what did Japan do to establish control over Korea ?
- schools and universities forbade speaking Korean
- over 100,000 Japanese families settled in Korea
- Korean workers were forced to work in Japan and its colonies
- lots of Korean woman were forced into life as “comfort women”
- Koreans were forced to worship gods of imperial Japan
what are comfort women
sex slaves for Japanese
what did the Koreans view the destruction of their culture as
cultural genocide
why did Japan commit cultural genocide on Korea
Japan wanted it to appear Koreans and Japanese were a single, unified people
Why did Japan join the war?
to expand its sphere of influence over china and be viewed as a world power
while recognized as one of the “_________________(1)_______________” at the Paris Peace Conference, ______________(2)_________________ was mostly ignored.
1) “Big Five”
2) Japan
How did Japan leave the Paris Peace Conference
bitter and angry
Who was Hirohito?
Emperor of Japan during WWII
according to __________(1)__________ , imperial family members were not raised by their __________(2)__________
1) custom
2) parents
1) who was the first crown prince of Japan to travel abroad ?
2) Where did he go and for how long ?
1) Hirohito
2) He went to Western Europe for 6 months
as emperor, you were considered what 2 things?
1) the nation’s highest “spiritual force” (divine)
2) commander-in-chief of armed forces
what is happening to Japan’s economy while the US is in the “roaring twenties” ?
it’s plunging
In 1929, Hirohito fired who?
his prime minister
1) Because militarism was growing, what would happen to all the other prime ministers/political positions?
2) How would that affect political decision making ?
1) they would replace them with people from the military
2) since they’re all from the military, they would most likely make war the solution to most problems and that would really affect Japan
what event did the Japanese stage in 1931 ? who did they blame it on?
They staged a railway explosion / blamed it on Chinese bandits
the Japanese used the railway explosion as a excuse to do what ?
take over Manchuria in northeastern china
when the League of Nations protests against Japan invading Manchuria, how does Japan react ?
They withdraw from the league of nations
how long did the rape of Nanking last ?
December 1937 - January 1938
In 1937, Japan invades into ____________(1)______________ causing ____________(2)___________
1) China
2) War
before it was destroyed, what was the capital of China ?
Nanking
during the rape of Nanking :
1) Japanese soldiers massacred over _________________________ civilians and prisoners in and around Nanking
2) To break the Chinese spirit, the order was given to do what?
3) ____________ to _____________ women + girls of all ages were _________________________ and _________________________ or _________________________
- 200,000
- destroy the city
- 20,000 - 80,000 women + girls of all ages were raped and mutilated, or killed
The ________(1)________ came out of WWI as the world’s greatest ________________________(2)__________________________
1) US
2) Industrial Power
1) who loaned money to Germany to help rebuild after the war?
2)when did they stop helping ?
1) US
2) They stopped after the Great Depression Hit in 1929
what is Nativism
prejudice against foreign-born people
What did the U.S. put in place to prevent too many immigrants from coming
Quotas
What is isolationism?
a policy of pulling away from involvement in world affairs
which country decide to use isolationism during the war
U.S.
_________________________ had rejected to join the league of nations
US Congress
americans wanted to ______________(1)_____________ war at
________________ (2) ______________________
1) Avoid
2) all costs
Who did FDR beat in the election?
Herbert Hoover
What were the Neutrality Acts?
outlawed US from selling or loaning arms to nations at war and in civil war
when Japan invaded _________(1)_______ in 1937 , FDR could no longer remain _______________(2)________________
1) China
2) neutral
what was FDR’s excuse to try to get weaponry to China?
that since Japan never declared war on China, the US can give them materials because it wouldn’t be going against the neutrality acts
american armed forces were ___________(1)____________ .
from 1919 to 1932 , no _________(2)_________ were allowed to enlist in the ______(3)________
1) segregated
2) blacks
3) navy
black soldiers were only given “Combat Support” jobs which could include what ?
- cook
- quartermaster
- grave digger
- etc.
after the Night of broken glass, ___________(1)_____________ fled ___________(2)___________
1) Jews
2) Germany
how many people was the US allowing to immigrate to the US
100,000 people
In 1939, the ship St. Louis , carrying ___________(1)______________ German Jews was prevented from _______(2)_________ in the US and forced to return to ________(3)__________
1) 943
2) docking
3) Europe
more than half of the passengers of the _______________ were killed in the holocaust
St. Louis
