History Of The PH Republic Flashcards
Who were the DATU
- representatives of deities/divine authority
- able to make and execute laws and judge conflicts
who were the BABAYLAN
- mystical women who have social and spiritual power
- came from a long tradition of indigenous feminism
- they heal the sick, ensure safe pregnancy&child birth, and lead rituals with offerings to various divinities
How was it during pre-colonial times?
- women were equal to men
- the babaylans were second to or had equal power to that of the datus
- babaylans were usually the wives of the datus
What happened during the spanish colonization?
- they had 2 units of government; Central and Local government
- spaniards took away the power of the datus, grouping barangays into towns/pueblos, but making them the datus “gobernadorcillos”
What are the 2 units of government?
- CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
headed by the governor general-appointed by the king of spain - LOCAL GOVERNMENT
composed of provinces, cities, towns, barrios/pueblos
What were the powers of the governor-generals
- appointed by the king of spain as his representative in the colony
- had executive power; commander in chief of the armed forces in the colony
- had legislative power; power to declare war
- had judicial power; was the chief justice - president of the royal audiencia (supreme court)
- had highest authority; can appoint the colonial officials
- recommend priests
Who was the first governor general of spain to the ph
Miguel lopez de legazpi
What policies did the spanish implement in the Philippines
polo y servicio
encomienda
bandala
What is polo y servicio
- policy where filipinos work in shipyards forcibly
- they cut and transport timber to the coast and construct the galleons
- they received less than the spanish sailors
- reason for pampanga revolt in 1660
What is encomienda
- allowed spanish officials to collect tribute from filipinos in exchange for protection and religious instruction
- aimed to exploit resources and convert locals to Christianity but often led to severe abuse
- declined due to abuse and was replaced by hacienda in the late 18th century
What is bandala
- policy of the provincial commodity quota
- filipinos are obligated to produce the quota of goods
- paid very low price
What happened during the Philippines first democratic republic in asia?
- 6 days into the proclamation of independence, Aguinaldo issued a proclamation creating a dictatorial government
- upon the advice of Apolinario Mabini, he issued a sub sequent proclamation abolishing it and establishing a revolutionary government instead
- the proclamation created a revolutionary congress who drafted a constitution (malolos constitution) who, as representatives of the different provinces, then appointed Aguinaldo as president
What is the malolos constitution
3 branches of government
- Executive: headed by president +composed of different department secretaries
- Legislative: headed by prime minister +composed of delegates from provinces
- Judiciary: headed by president of the supreme court and its justices
What happened during the american colonization?
- the mock battle of manila (US vs SPAIN)
- the treaty of paris
- 50 year presence of the US in the PH
- American president McKinley sends special message to general otis stating american sovereignty must be recognized in the PH
- Declaration of war between PH and America
- Aguinaldo was defeated and captured
What is the treaty of paris?
The philippines was sold for 20 million dollars to the US
What happened to aguinaldo after war between the US and the PH was declared
- Aguinaldo was defeated and captured in palanan, cagayan
- he remained president of the PH first republic until june 1901
