History Of The PH Republic Flashcards
Who were the DATU
- representatives of deities/divine authority
- able to make and execute laws and judge conflicts
who were the BABAYLAN
- mystical women who have social and spiritual power
- came from a long tradition of indigenous feminism
- they heal the sick, ensure safe pregnancy&child birth, and lead rituals with offerings to various divinities
How was it during pre-colonial times?
- women were equal to men
- the babaylans were second to or had equal power to that of the datus
- babaylans were usually the wives of the datus
What happened during the spanish colonization?
- they had 2 units of government; Central and Local government
- spaniards took away the power of the datus, grouping barangays into towns/pueblos, but making them the datus “gobernadorcillos”
What are the 2 units of government?
- CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
headed by the governor general-appointed by the king of spain - LOCAL GOVERNMENT
composed of provinces, cities, towns, barrios/pueblos
What were the powers of the governor-generals
- appointed by the king of spain as his representative in the colony
- had executive power; commander in chief of the armed forces in the colony
- had legislative power; power to declare war
- had judicial power; was the chief justice - president of the royal audiencia (supreme court)
- had highest authority; can appoint the colonial officials
- recommend priests
Who was the first governor general of spain to the ph
Miguel lopez de legazpi
What policies did the spanish implement in the Philippines
polo y servicio
encomienda
bandala
What is polo y servicio
- policy where filipinos work in shipyards forcibly
- they cut and transport timber to the coast and construct the galleons
- they received less than the spanish sailors
- reason for pampanga revolt in 1660
What is encomienda
- allowed spanish officials to collect tribute from filipinos in exchange for protection and religious instruction
- aimed to exploit resources and convert locals to Christianity but often led to severe abuse
- declined due to abuse and was replaced by hacienda in the late 18th century
What is bandala
- policy of the provincial commodity quota
- filipinos are obligated to produce the quota of goods
- paid very low price
What happened during the Philippines first democratic republic in asia?
- 6 days into the proclamation of independence, Aguinaldo issued a proclamation creating a dictatorial government
- upon the advice of Apolinario Mabini, he issued a sub sequent proclamation abolishing it and establishing a revolutionary government instead
- the proclamation created a revolutionary congress who drafted a constitution (malolos constitution) who, as representatives of the different provinces, then appointed Aguinaldo as president
What is the malolos constitution
3 branches of government
- Executive: headed by president +composed of different department secretaries
- Legislative: headed by prime minister +composed of delegates from provinces
- Judiciary: headed by president of the supreme court and its justices
What happened during the american colonization?
- the mock battle of manila (US vs SPAIN)
- the treaty of paris
- 50 year presence of the US in the PH
- American president McKinley sends special message to general otis stating american sovereignty must be recognized in the PH
- Declaration of war between PH and America
- Aguinaldo was defeated and captured
What is the treaty of paris?
The philippines was sold for 20 million dollars to the US
