2ND-5TH REPUBLIC Flashcards
What happened during the american colonization
Common wealth gpvernment
The 1935 constitution
When was the common wealth government
November 15 1935
What happened during the commonwealth government
- tydings mcduffie act/the philippine independence act
- “transition to full independence” 10 years (1935-1945)
- filipinos needed to prove they could handle a democratic government during the 10 year transition period
How did the 1935 constitution come into place?
- US congress authorized its creation in accordance with the tydings mcduffie act
- based on the american model, ratified by US president Roosevelt
What are salient features of the 1935 constitution?
- BICAMERAL LEGISLATURE composed of a senate house of representatives
- president is to be elected to a 4 year term together with the vp without re-election
- right of suffrage by male citizens of the Philippines (21+, able to read and write)
- extension of right of suffrage to women within 2 years after the adoption of the constitution
What happened before the philippines’ full independence?
The japanese occupation and the second republic
When did the japanese occupation occur?
On December 8 1941 when WWII broke out, the japanese tried to invade the philippines
What happened when the Japanese tried to invade the philippines?
- President Manuel L Quezon fled to the US along with his cabinet members
- while the president was on exile, the commonwealth gov functioned to represent the country continually outside the country
- prime minister Hideki Tojo promised independence to the philippines
- Dr. Jose P. Laurel - elected by the national assembly as president
What happened after the Japanese occupation?
- The birth of the second republic and independence day (october 14 1943)
- the US dropped atomic bombs in Japan (1945)
- POTSDAM declaration: Japan surrendered to allied forces
When was the post colonial philippines?
July 4, 1946
Who were the presidents of the 3rd republic?
-
Manuel Roxas Sr. (1946-1948)
dealt with challenge of rehabilitating the PH after WWII -
Elpidio Quirino Sr. (1948-1953)
policies to strengthen people’s confidence in the gov and the restoration of peace -
Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957)
prioritized the poor; enacted the land reform act to protect local farmers -
Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961)
”filipino first” policy, focal point was to regain economic independence -
Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965)
enacted the agricultural land reform code (act established the land bank of the philippines) -
Ferdinand Marcos Sr. (1965-1981)
the government devised the construction program and irrigation projects; 1973 constitution
When was the declaration of martial law
September 21 1972
(declared through proclamation 1081)
What happened during the martial law
- opposers of the administration were jailed
- decree-making powers were asserted by the president
- 1973 constitution was ratified, marking the end of the 3rd republic and the beginning of the bagong lipunan
- “golden age” for corruption and human rights abuses
Who were the presidents of the 4th republic?
- Ferdinand Marcos Sr.
proclamation 2425–lifted martial law,, caught for massive electoral fraud - Corazon C. Aquino
1987 constitutuon,, restored democracy & presidential form of gov & bicameral congress
What happened durijg the 4th republic?
- assassination of ninoy aquino
- the edsa people power revolution
