History of models of addiction Flashcards
models of addiction: over de tijd
19th = moral
mid 19th = pharmacological
1930-1950 = symptomatic
1940-1960 = disease
1960-1970 = learning theory
1970-1990 = bio-psycho-social development
1990-nu = brain disease
moral: idea of addiction & counter measure
A sign of moral weakness: drug abuse and drug seeking behavior is immoral and in conflict with social norms and values
Lock up addicts in prison or re-education institutions
pharmacological: idea of addiction & counter measure
Addicts are not to blame; the highly addictive substance is.
Prohibitions: prevent people from getting involved with the substances.
symptomatic: idea of addiction & counter measure
Not a condition in itself, but rather a symptom of an underlying neurotic character or personality disorder.
Long-term, insight-oriented psychotherapeutic treatment.
disease: idea of addiction & counter measure
ther are fundamental biological and psychological differences between addicts and non-addicts, making the former unable to use substances in moderation.
complete abstinence from the substance (alcoholics anonymous)
learning theory: idea of addiction & counter measure
a form of maladaptive learned behaviour, that can be unlearned again
behavioural therapeutic interventions
bio-psycho-social development: idea of addiction & counter measure
both the onset and termination are the result of continuous interaction between biological, psychological and social factors
multi-model interventions in which attention is on many factors
brain disease: idea of addiction & counter measure
innate vulnerability forms the basis of repeated use and this repeated use leadds to important, difficult to reverse, brain changes leading to impaired cognitive control functions and cravings and habits
pharmacological and behavioural therapeutic interventions
leshner =
addiction is a brain disease
volkrow=
director of NIDA, addiction is a brain disease
berridge =
incentive sensitization
