History Of Medicine

Question 1

What was the bacteria that caused the Black Death called?

Answer 1

Yersinia Pestis

Question 2

How did the disease get to England

Answer 2

Tradeships coming to England that carried rats

Question 3

Explain how rodents spread Black Death

Answer 3

Rodents carried fleas
Fleas bit rats snd became infected
Rat died and flea looked for new home
Jumped onto human and infected them with the bacteria

Question 4

Make three symptoms of Black Death

Answer 4

Buboes
Fever
Coughing up blood

Question 5

What did people think the cause for the Black Death was?

Answer 5

Punishment from God
Miasma
Difficult alignment of planets
Four humours out of balance

Question 6

What did people do to prevent Black Death?

Answer 6

Flagellation (whipping themselves)
Burning fires to remove bad smells
Drain buboes of foul smelling liquid

Question 7

Treatments for Black Death

Answer 7

Blood letting to balance humors
Quarantine
Pray/ pay the church

Question 8

How did Edward third react to Black Death

Answer 8

Ordered for streets to be cleaned and to quarantine travellers

Question 9

Where did Galen think blood was produced

Answer 9

The liver

Question 10

What was Sydenham’s beliefs on how to diagnose patients?

Answer 10

Observe patients
Record descriptions of patients symptoms
Prescribe a remedy

Question 11

Why did people not believe Harvey’s work?

Answer 11

Challenged Galen’s ideas

Question 12

What were the longer term impacts of Harvey’s discovery?

Answer 12

Drs questioned Galen’s ideas
Harvey promoted research

Question 13

Who did the government employ to investigate Cholera problem?

Answer 13

Edwin Chadwick

Question 14

What were Chadwick’s recommendations in ‘sanitary conditions of the labouring population of Great Britain’?

Answer 14

Remove rubbish from streets
Improve water quality and supply
Install government funded drainage
Appoint medical officer in each district

Question 15

What were the features of the first public health act?

Answer 15

Establishment of board of health
States towns could clean and improve facilities though they had to pay themselves

Question 16

What were the features of the second public health act?

Answer 16

Clean water supplied to each house
Medical officers appointed to each house
Rubbish collected and disposed of
Sewers built to prevent contamination

Question 17

What other acts were included in the second public health act

Answer 17

Artisans and labours act
Sale of food and drugs act

Question 18

Who did the government employ to build the sewers in London 1858?

Answer 18

Joseph Bazalgette

Question 19

Where was the pump located that caused the cholera outbreak 1854?

Answer 19

Broad street SoHo

Question 20

Who were not infected by the 1854 Cholera outbreak and why?

Answer 20

Brewery workers because they had their own water pump

Question 21

Who was the village boy Jenner tested his theory on?

Answer 21

James Phipps

Question 22

What was Jenners theory?

Answer 22

Milkmaids never caught smallpox because they had already caught cowpox

Question 23

Who suggested microscopic poisonous insects caused germ theory?

Answer 23

Richard Bradly

Question 24

Who promoted spontaneous generation?

Answer 24

Felix Pauchet

Question 25

What was the spontaneous generation theory?

Answer 25

Microbes appeared when something was rotting.

Question 26

What was germ theory?

Answer 26

The idea germs caused decay.

Question 27

How did Pasteur figure out what caused milk and beer to sour?

Answer 27

Used swan neck jar to prove if germs couldn’t get into a substance it wouldn’t go off.

Question 28

What’s Pasteurisation?

Answer 28

Germs were killed with heat.

Question 29

What did Robert Koch do?

Answer 29

Proved the link between germs and disease.
Identified that certain germs linked with certain diseases.

Question 30

Why was Germ theory not accepted in Britain?

Answer 30

Henry Bastian believed in spontaneous generation and wrote that the body had so many germs and if they caused illness then humans would never be healthy.

Question 31

What were the features on Nightingales notes on nursing?

Answer 31

Different wards for infectious patients
Nurses should wash their hands often
Clean air, water and efficient drainage

Question 32

How much money did the public donate to Nightingale?

Answer 32

£44,000

Question 33

What did Nightingale do with the money donated

Answer 33

Made Nightingales training school for nurses

Question 34

Where was Nightingales nursing school?

Answer 34

St Thomas hospital London