Cold War

Question 1

What countries was Germany divided between?

Answer 1

USSR, USA, France, Britain

Question 2

Name three features of capitalism?

Answer 2

Privately owned businesses, difference between rich and poor, democratic society

Question 3

Name three features of communism?

Answer 3

Businesses owned by government
Similar living standards
Press and freedom of speed censored

Question 4

Which leaders attend the Tehran and Yalta conference

Answer 4

Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill

Question 5

Which leaders attended Potsdam conference?

Answer 5

Truman, Stalin, Atlee

Question 6

Agreements made at Tehran?

Answer 6

Plan to invade Nazi Europe
Soviet agrees to join US to fight Japan after WW2
USA and Britain second front.

Question 7

Agreements made at Yalta?

Answer 7

Germany divided into four zones
Most countries in Eastern Europe Soviet controlled
Fair and free elections for countries owned by Nazi Germany

Question 8

Agreements made at Potsdam?

Answer 8

Plans to divide Germany finalised.
Germany pay reparations to powers.
USSR given industrial equipment=West get raw materials.

Question 9

Disagreements at Tehran?

Answer 9

Stalin wanted more land in Poland
USSR disagreed with what type of government should take over Poland

Question 10

Disagreements at Potsdam?

Answer 10

Different views on free elections- USSR wouldn’t do free.
Couldn’t agree on how to punish Germany.

Question 11

Who sent the Long telegram?

Answer 11

George Kennan

Question 12

What did the Long telegram say?

Answer 12

USSR wanted spread influence as far as possible
USSR enemy of US
US and USSR would never be able to cooperate

Question 13

How sent the Novikov telegram?

Answer 13

Nikolai Novikov

Question 14

What did the Novikov telegram say?

Answer 14

USA wanted to spread influence far
USA economically powerful
USA should not be trusted

Question 15

What’s the iron curtain?

Answer 15

The border between west and east Europe

Question 16

What was the Truman doctrine?

Answer 16

Plan to contain communism

Question 17

What was the Marshall plan?

Answer 17

Provides countries economic support to rebuild after war.
Part of containment.

Question 18

What was Cominform?

Answer 18

Stalin’s version of Truman doctrine

Question 19

What was Comecon?

Answer 19

Stalin’s version of Marshall plan

Question 20

Why did the Berlin blockade happen?

Answer 20

Standards of living better in West Berlin then East.
Berlin in centre of USSR zone. Britain and USA formed bizonia= Stalin threatened.
Soviets blocked roads and rail routes so no supplies could get to West Berlin.

Question 21

Why was NATO formed?

Answer 21

To act as defence after Berlin blockade

Question 22

Name five members of NATO?

Answer 22

USA, Canada, Britain, France and Denmark.

Question 23

Why was Warsaw pact created?

Answer 23

USSR suspicious of Nato.

Question 24

Where did Hungarian students prosest?

Answer 24

Budapest.

Question 25

What did Nagy campaign for?

Answer 25

Free elections, freedom of speech, Hungary to leave Warsaw pact

Question 26

What was Khrushchev's reaction to Nagy's reform?

Answer 26

He didn't want other soviet controlled countries to follow. Send tanks to Budapest.

Question 27

Who replaced Nagy?

Answer 27

Kadar

Question 28

What is mutually assured destruction?

Answer 28

Knowing that launching nuclear weapons would lead to destruction of USSR and US.

Question 29

What did Destalinisation include?

Answer 29

Removing statues and pics of Stalin. reducing secret police. increasing consumer goods.

Question 30

What was the impact of Destalinisation on satellite states?

Answer 30

Little impact- Khruschev had to be tough to keep Eastern Europe communist.

Question 31

What countries were members of German democratic republic?

Answer 31

USSR

Question 32

What countries were members of Federal republic of Germany?

Answer 32

France Britain USA

Question 33

What leaders were at Geneva summit?

Answer 33

Khrushchev. Eisenhower.

Question 34

What leaders were at the Paris summit?

Answer 34

Khrushchev. Eisenhower.

Question 35

What leaders were at the Vienna summit?

Answer 35

Khrushchev. Kennedy.

Question 36

What were the point of the summits?

Answer 36

An attempt to ease tensions and make decisions on Khrushchevs Berlin ultimatum.

Question 37

What caused tensions at Paris summit?

Answer 37

The US spy plane that was shot down. Eisenhower refused to apologise.

Question 38

What happened at Vienna summit?

Answer 38

Kennedy refused Berlin ultimatum.

Question 39

What was Batista like as a leader?

Answer 39

Corrupt and brutal.

Question 40

What was Castro like as a leader

Answer 40

Democratic communist.

Question 41

Where did Khruschev want the US missiles removed from?

Answer 41

Turkey.

Question 42

What was Novoty like as a leader?

Answer 42

Corrupt and unpopular.

Question 43

What was Dubcek like as a leader?

Answer 43

Socalist.

Question 44

What were the terms of SALT?

Answer 44

freeze number of submarine launched missiles. Reduce anti ballistic missile sites.

Question 45

What were the terms of Helsinki accords?

Answer 45

Improve human rights. Recognise Eastern borders. Improve economic and scientific cooperation.

Question 46

What were the failures of SALT?

Answer 46

Both sides stockpiled weapons. New tech meant terms were out of date. 1978 US defence budget increased. 1979 2000 soviet troops in Cuba.

Question 47

SALT two terms?

Answer 47

Limit delivery and placement of nuclear weapons. Ban ICBMS. Restrict use of missile launchers.

Question 48

Why did SALT two fail?

Answer 48

Neither Soviet leaders/ US officials refused to approve.

Question 49

What were the consequences of Afghanistan?

Answer 49

Carter doctrine. End of Dente. Olympic boycotts.

Question 50

Terms of Cater doctrine?

Answer 50

Rapid deployment force formed. Allow Afghanistan neighbours to receive military aid.

Question 51

What does ICBM stand for?

Answer 51

Intercontinental ballistic missile.

Question 52

Causes for dente?

Answer 52

Cold war expensive. Vietnam war took US focus. Cold war been on long time. Nixon wanted better relations.

Question 53

What was the Berlin ultimatum?

Answer 53

Khrushchev giving the Western powers six months to leave Berlin.

Question 54

What was the movements of Berliners from east to West known as?

Answer 54

The brain drain.

Question 55

What were the terms of the Brezhnev doctrine?

Answer 55

No eastern European countries could have liberal reforms without Warsaw pact invading.

Question 56

What caused the Brezhnev Doctrine?

Answer 56

Prague springs Dubcek's more liberal reforms.

Question 57

What was the strategic defence initiative?

Answer 57

A technology that could detect and destroy missiles before they reached the USA?

Question 58

Which president made the strategic defence initiative?

Answer 58

Ronald Reagan.

Question 59

What was the Strategic defence initiative also known as?

Answer 59

Star wars programme.

Question 60

What were the two key parts of Gorbachevs new thinking?

Answer 60

Glasnost Perestroika

Question 61

What was Glasnost?

Answer 61

Freedom of speech. People were allowed to criticise the government and their ideas.

Question 62

What was Perestroika?

Answer 62

Encouraged involvement in foreign businesses. Private businesses that responded to customers demand.