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Elizabeth Flashcards

1
Q

How much debt did Elizabeth inherit?

A

300000

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2
Q

What were three personal problems that Elizabeth faced when she became queen?

A

Legitimacy, gender, marriage.

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3
Q

What was the privy council?

A

Elizabeth’s main advisors, 19 men responsible for running the country.

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4
Q

Features of the Catholicism?

A

Believed in 7 sacraments e.g. baptism and marriage.
Statue of the virgin Mary and crucifixes.
Stained glass windows.
Decorative alter.
Priests in decorative clothes.
Services and bible in Latin.

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5
Q

Features of Protestantism?

A

No stained glass.
Priests wore plain clothes.
Priests could marry.
Simple wooden alter.
Prayer book and Services in English.

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6
Q

Features of the religious settlement?

A

Queen would rule as supreme governor.
Services and book of prayer in English.
Some decorations allowed.
All clergy were to wear clerical dress and a white linen gown and not marry.

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7
Q

When were the act of Supremacy and Uniformity created?

A

1559

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8
Q

What were the features of the act of Uniformity?

A

Protestantism became official religion of England
All churches used book of common prayer
Bible was printed in English
Everyone in England had to attend church weekly
Catholic mass was abandoned
Services designed to both Protestants and Catholics

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9
Q

What were the features of the act of Supremacy?

A

Elizabeth became supreme government of the church of England
It was considered treason if someone did not acknowledge Elizabeth as supreme governor
Clergy members needed to swear oaths to Elizabeth

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10
Q

When was the papal bull against Elizabeth sent?

A

1570

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11
Q

What did the popes papal bull declare?

A

That Elizabeth was excommunicated and Catholics should remove her from power.

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12
Q

Who was the pope in 1570?

A

Pope Pius V.

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13
Q

What were the impacts of the Papal bull?

A

Catholic plots increased
Elizabeth and her government became less tolerant of Catholics
Laws were passed to limits freedoms of Catholics.

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14
Q

Who was Mary Queen of scots husbands?

A

Francis II of France, Lord Darnley and Earl of Bothwell.

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15
Q

What husband did Mary supposedly murder?

A

Lord Darnley

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16
Q

Who is Mary Queen of Scots secretary?

A

David Rizzio

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17
Q

What was the conference of York about?

A

A trial about the murder of Lard Darnley.

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18
Q

When was the conference in York?

A

1568

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19
Q

What were the casket letters?

A

12 sonnets and 8 letters that were written by Mary to the Earl of Bothwell planning the murder of her husband.

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20
Q

What does abdicate mean?

A

Giving up duties.

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21
Q

What does Elizabeth do with Mary after the conference?

A

Elizabeth kept Mary imprisoned at Sheffield castle and Sheffield manor lodge.

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22
Q

Why was Mary a threat?

A

She was heir to the throne after Elizabeth.
She was catholic and many powerful catholic nobles in England might support her and threaten Elizabeth’s rule.

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23
Q

Elizabeth options to deal with Mary

A

Send her to France, Keep her imprisoned, Help her regain the Scottish throne, Execute her, allow Mary to be free in England.

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24
Q

Who were the Northern earls involved in the revolt of the Northern earls?

A

Duke of Northumberland and Duke of Westmorland.

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25
What was the cause of the revolt of the Northern earls?
Elizabeth refused to let the Duke of Norfolk marry Mary. He left the royal court and went up North and discussed rebellion.
26
What were the aims of the revolt of the Northern earls?
Make Catholicism the official religion of England Increase influence of Northern earls in England Remove nobles who guided Elizabeth's religious policies from power
27
What happened to the Duke of Norfolk?
He was imprisoned.
28
What were the reasons for the failure of the revolt?
Most Catholics were still loyal to Elizabeth. Lack of support from abroad. Lack of clear aims-some just wanted to focus on religion and some wanted to overthrow Elizabeth. Elizabeth responded effectively.
29
Plan of the Ridolfi plot?
Dutch Catholics lead by Spanish Duke of Alva would invade the south. Northern English Catholics would start a new rebellion. Elizabeth would be killed and replaced with Mary queen of Scots. Mary would marry Duke of Norfolk.
30
Plan of the Throckmorton plot?
Duke of Guise would lead French invasion with Spanish troops. English Catholics would join the rebellion would help secure Mary as Queen. Elizabeth would be killed.
31
Plan for Babington plot?
Babington and five other men would kill Elizabeth. Coded messages were sent to Mary in beer barrels. Mary would reply telling the assassins it was time to go.
32
How was the Ridolfi plot found out?
Elizabeth's spies found the coded messages and cracked it with a cipher key.
33
How was the Throckmorton plot found out?
Throckmorton was already under surveillance so the plot was quickly discovered by Elizabeth's spies. Mary was placed under close guard to stop her involvement in any more plots.
34
How was the Babington plot found out?
One of Elizabeth's servants worked for Elizabeth's spymaster and intercepted the letters The letters were decoded using cipher key Mary was arrested for treason and executed
35
When was Mary executed?
1587
36
What were the impacts of Mary Queen of Scots execution?
Mary was viewed as a Catholic martyr. Threat from Spain intensified.
37
What would wealthy families do for fun?
Hunting, archery, Musicians preforming at home Women=sewing and embroidery
38
What did poor families do for fun?
Go to drink at an inn, blood sports e.g. dog fighting, bear baiting and cock fighting, wresting and footfall and feast days
39
What were feastdays?
A day off work filled with food, singing and maypole dancing.
40
What was the first theatre called?
Red lion.
41
What were troupes?
Travelling acting groups
42
Where would wealthy boys go to school?
Grammar schools
43
Name two features of a grammar schools
Curriculum focused on Latin, English and religion. Taught by older students till age of ten.
44
Two features of wealthy girls schooling?
Taught by private tutors at home. Latin, music, French and dancing taught
45
Where did poor boys and girls go to school?
Girls=Dame schools. Boys=Petty schools.
46
What's a guild?
Associations formed by different craftsmen
47
From what age would rich boys go to university?
14
48
When did boys become an apprentice?
14 UNTIL 1562 where anyone working in a guild was an apprentice.
49
Who was Elizabeth's first secretary of state?
William Cecil
50
Who was Elizabeth's trusted advisor and potential lover?
Robert Dudly
51
Who was Elizabeth I spy master?
Francis Walsingham
51
How did the English break up the Spanish boats crescent formation?
Set boats on fire and sent them through.
52
What Spanish mistakes helped the English win the armada?
Warships not designed for rough English waters Spanish cannons designed for land battles Duke of Medina-Sedonia was inexperienced
53
How did the weather effect the Armada?
Most Spanish ships survived the battle but harsh weather destroyed them Ships ran out of food and water Surviving Sailors often couldn't sail because they were ill
54
Spanish Armada
King Phillip II wanted to take England Armada leave Lisbon 28 May 1588 Armada sail to Netherlands to collect soldiers from Netherlands Armada sails to English coast to go to Kent and soldiers march to London
55
How many ships and soldiers did the Armada consist of?
151 ships 34000 soldiers
56
How many ships were destroyed in Cadiz ?
27 and 4 captured
57
What did Drake refer to his win against Spain as?
Singeing of the kings beard.
58
What were the deserving poor?
People not seen to blame for poverty
59
What were the undeserving poor?
People who were seen as healthy enough to work
60
What were Vagabonds
Untrustworthy beggar
61
List three reasons for increase in poverty?
Increased taxes- to pay for Spanish war Collapse in cloth trade- people out of jobs Inflation- poor couldn’t afford basic needs
62
What was the vagabonds act?
Parish register kept to give food and shelter- funded by taxes Beggars over 14 whipped and burn Second begging imprisoned Third begging death
63
What was the act in relief for the poor?
Local authorities responsible for finding work for paupers Any paupers who refused to work would go to house of correction
64
Who was the first person to circumnavigate the globe?
Francis Drake
65
Who was the first person to get involved in slave trade
John Hawkins
66
Pros of circumnavigation?
Development in ship tech Awareness of trading routes Challenging Spanish dominants
67
List three developments in shipping tech/ navigation
Magnetic compass- Improving shop design- larger ships, more stable Astrolabe- position of sun and stars to help find time
68
Why was Drakes circumnavigation significant?
Made investors wealthy Claimed new land for England Increased understanding of word Tensions between Spain and England increased
69
How was Elizabeth try to minimise catholic threat?
By fining people for not attending church.

History (4 decks)

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