History Of Dog Training

Question 1

When did the ancestral canids begin to become domesticated?

Answer 1

20-30 thousand years ago

Question 2

Where was the cradal of domestication? Or the oldest evidence of domestication

Answer 2

Gabekli turkey

Question 3

When did true breeding intervention begin?

Answer 3

200,300 years ago

Question 4

What was the old theory on the domestication process vs the new one?

Answer 4

Old: humans stole cubs from wolves

New: self domestication or the tamer canids began hanging around camps to eat scraps. Only the tamest canids survived and this created domestication on their own

Question 5

What was belyaev’s silver fox program and what did it discover?

Answer 5

That selecting for domestication was true, he only bred foxes that were tame until they became domesticated

Question 6

Are there any wild wolf packs with unrelated adults?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Are dominance and submission personality types?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

What personality trait do other wolves and dogs tend to follow?

Answer 8

Personality not strength

Question 9

What structure is the social hierarchy?

Answer 9

Circular or web

Question 10

How does an alpha dog rule?

Answer 10

Benevolently without outward aggression. They use manipulation such as confident body posture, staring, stacking, growling, etc.

Question 11

What are some differences between dogs and wolves?

Answer 11

Dogs have a long 4 month socialization period where wolves have a short 19 day period

Dogs fight with each other but wolves rarely fight

Dogs have sexual maturity of 6-8 months and wolves are at 2 years. Dogs will breed indiscriminately (incestual) but wolves leave to form new packs

Dogs play after adulthood, wolves don’t

Question 12

What are some examples of spitz breeds, and the general characteristics?

Answer 12

Husky, chow, malamute, etc.

Square body, double coat, curly tail, they guard, pull sleds, independent, territorial

Question 13

What are some examples of mastiffs and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 13

Boxer, greatdane, St. Bernard, pit bull, etc.

Heaviest and largest breeds, foundation dogs, dogs of war, insensitive, heavy guard instinct, tough, etc.

Question 14

Hat are some examples of sight hounds and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 14

Afghan hound, basenji, greyhound, saluki, whippet etc.

Tall, deep chested, slimmer, elegant, built for speed, double suspension gallup, hunting dogs, greyhound in the foundation dog

Question 15

What are some examples of scent hounds and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 15

Basset hounds, beagle, blood hound, otterhound, etc.

Ancient Sumerian, strong bones and legs, long heads and ears, hunted in packs, independent workers, great stamina, extremely good motivated

Question 16

What are some examples of terriers and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 16

Airedale, bull terrier, border, cairn, dachshund, jack russel, Norwich, schnauzer, etc.

Earth dogs, under ground hunters bred for digging, short leg and long leg, dachshund and schnauzer were the only two to be bred outside of Great Britain, resilient, independent, high tolerance for pain.

Question 17

What are some examples of gun dogs and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 17

Pointers, setters, retrievers, spaniels, etc.

Pointers and setters flushed out game but had a hard time bringing them back.
Retrievers would bring back game no matter where they were.
Spaniels were all purpose

Affectionate and companionable

Question 18

Why do we heel on the left?

Answer 18

Hunters held their firearms on the right so they didn’t want to hit them when they drew their guns

Question 19

What are the two types of herding dogs?

Answer 19

Guards and herders.

Question 20

What are some examples of herding dogs, and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 20

Australian shepherd, border collie, German shepherd, corgi, etc.

Check in with humans for direction, problem solve, intense play and prey drive

Question 21

What are some examples of guarding dogs and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 21

Akbash, Great Pyrenees, kuvasz, etc.

Solitary, bond with livestock, don’t like other people or dogs, bred for color and size that correlate with the livestock, difficult to motivate,

Question 22

What are examples of toy/companion dogs and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 22

Chihuahua, Maltese, papillon, Pomeranian, shih tzu, toy fox terrier, etc.

Mixture of all other breeds but selected for size, behaviorally like their giant counterparts, need as much activity as big dogs, etc.

Question 23

What is the neonatal stage and characteristics?

Answer 23

Birth to two weeks old. Eyes and ears still closed, lack temperature control, neurological development, need socialization

Question 24

What is the transition stage of development and what are the characteristics?

Answer 24

14-21 days or third week
Dependent on mother, become outwardly social, seek own food, regulate temperature, puppy teeth, eyes and ears erupt, and they begin to explore

Question 25

What is the primary socialization period and what re the general characteristics?

Answer 25

4th months, or 3-12 weeks

First learns communication skills, important socialization, sensitive period where things impact the most long term, mother should control this period

Human- 5-8 weeks to 14 weeks

Question 26

What is the fear imprint or second socialization period and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 26

Where trauma developed from. 8 weeks-14 weeks. Best time to begin a new life with others, and to start training and puppy classes. Needs socialization from classical conditioning because of sensitivity to scary things. Never force socialization.

Question 27

What is the juvenile stage and what are some general characteristics?

Answer 27

End of primary socialization period to sexual maturity 3/4 months to 6/8 months. Positive reinforcement and socialization are pivotal. Sexual behaviors develops, guarding behaviors, adolescence is from sexual maturity to adulthood.

Question 28

What is the maturity stage and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 28

The golden age of adulthood. Behavior change is due to change in environment, health, temperament, genetics, events.

Question 29

What is the senior stage and what are the general characteristics?

Answer 29

Grey muzzles, health issues, advocacy around young dogs, and the last days of their lives.